Test 4 - Listening - Part 4 (2) · Cambridge IELTS Academic 19 Vocabulary List

to clear an area of trees, typically by cutting them down extensively

"They deforested the Amazon rainforest."

"The logging company was criticized for continuing to deforest the Amazon rainforest at an alarming rate."

involving a significant numbers of people or a vast area

"The project is large-scale."

"The large scale construction project employed hundreds of workers and it took five years to complete the new highway."

an act of formulating a program for a definite course of action

"The planning for the event takes months."

"The event required careful planning to ensure everything ran smoothly on the day."

including many specific elements or pieces of information

"The map is detailed."

"The detailed map showed every hiking trail in the national park and the campers used it to plan their route through the mountains."

to give a higher level of importance or urgency to a particular task, goal, or objective compared to others

"Prioritize your tasks now."

"When faced with multiple demands, it's crucial to prioritize your tasks based on their importance."

lowered in value

"The currency is degraded."

"The continuous pollution has degraded the quality of the river water over the years."

to measure or express something as a number or amount

"It is hard to quantify happiness."

"It is difficult to quantify the exact amount of emotional damage caused by such a traumatic experience."

something that people do or cause to happen

"Human activity changes the natural landscape."

"Human activity such as deforestation and burning fossil fuels contributed significantly to climate change."

large farm animals, such as cows and bulls, raised for meat, milk, or labor

"The cattle graze there."

"The cattle were moved to a different field in the morning."

the act of cutting down trees to use their wood

"Illegal logging damages forest."

"Illegal logging in the Amazon rainforest destroys habitats and contributes significantly to global carbon emissions."

to finally accomplish a desired goal after dealing with many difficulties

"You can achieve anything with hard work."

"With hard work and determination anyone can achieve their dreams regardless of their background or circumstances."

before the present moment or a specific time

"I previously worked at a bank."

"I previously worked at a bank for five years before I decided to change careers and become a teacher."

the process of extracting valuable minerals or other materials from the earth

"Coal mining is dangerous work."

"The mining town was abandoned after the ore veins ran out and the jobs disappeared."

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

"The cement dried fast."

"The workers mixed cement with sand and water to create concrete for the building's foundation."

the layer of soil on the surface

"The garden needs topsoil."

"Farmers often add compost to the topsoil to improve its fertility and support plant growth."

a soft, sweet fruit with a thin skin and many small seeds, often eaten fresh or dried

"The fig is sweet."

"She ate a fig after lunch and enjoyed its soft texture."

to make sure that something will happen

"Seat belts ensure passenger safety always."

"Please check the door twice to ensure that it is locked before you leave the house for your vacation."

the ability to recover from difficult situations

"The community shows great resilience after the disaster."

"The resilience of coastal communities after the hurricane was remarkable as they rebuilt quickly."

suitable or acceptable for a given situation or purpose

"That is not appropriate."

"That is not appropriate behavior for a formal dinner so please apologize to the host immediately."

in a way that is true in most cases

"Generally speaking it is a good school."

"Generally speaking it is a good school but some of the teachers are better than others."

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

"Climate change affects everyone."

"Scientists warn that climate change is becoming more serious."

after doing or considering everything

"Ultimately the decision is yours."

"Ultimately the decision is yours to make but I strongly recommend that you consider all the options carefully."

in an earlier period

"He formerly worked as a teacher."

"He formerly worked as a teacher but now he is a full time writer and has published several popular novels."

covered with forest

"The area is forested."

"The forested hillside was home to many animals including deer foxes and owls and the hikers walked quietly to avoid disturbing them."

a large, open, and grass-covered area

"The grassland is wide."

"The vast grassland stretched for miles, providing a perfect habitat for wild animals and grazing cattle."

a flat grassland in tropical or subtropical regions

"The savanna is home to lions and elephants."

"The African savanna was home to large herds of zebras wildebeests and giraffes."

an area of land characterized by its soil, water, and vegetation, where the water table is at or near the surface for a significant part of the year

"The wetland is a vital habitat for migrating birds."

"A constructed wetland is an artificial area designed to filter polluted water naturally."

a nonmetal element that can be found in all organic compounds and living things

"Carbon is important."

"Carbon is a fundamental element of organic chemistry because all known life forms on Earth are built from carbon based molecules and compounds."

providing benefits or favorable circumstances

"The deal is advantageous."

"The advantageous position of the castle on the hill made it easy to defend against attackers."

relating to activities done for enjoyment or leisure, rather than for work or other obligations

"This is a recreational area."

"The recreational area offers hiking trails fishing spots and picnic tables for families who want to spend time outdoors."

conforming to the most recent developments, updates, or facts

"The software is up-to-date."

"The up to date software includes all the latest security patches and the company recommends that users install updates immediately."

to find or discover something by searching for its features, characteristics, or details

"Identify the object."

"Investigators worked tirelessly to identify the source of the mysterious signals emanating from deep space."

the fact or condition of being regarded or treated as more important than others

"Safety is our number one priority."

"Reducing the national debt was the government's top priority for the upcoming fiscal year."

an action, treatment, or manipulation that is introduced by researchers to test its effects on variables of interest

"The intervention helped."

"The experimental intervention showed promising results in improving patient recovery times."

a flying vehicle such as an aircraft that is controlled from afar and has no pilot

"The drone flew high."

"The drone recorded the area from above and sent the image back quickly."

something such as a hammer, saw, etc. that is held in the hand and used for a specific job

"The tool is useful."

"The hammer is a basic tool but without it simple tasks like hanging a picture or repairing a loose shelf become much more difficult."

to carefully check the quality, activity, or changes of something or someone for a period of time

"Please monitor the patient."

"The team will closely monitor the patient's vital signs throughout the recovery process."

to destroy something completely

"The fire devastated the forest."

"The unexpected death of his wife devastated the old man and he never really recovered from the loss."

to care for and raise animals until they reach maturity

"They rear sheep."

"The farmer had a dedicated plan to rear the young lambs until they were strong."

to choose someone or something out of a group of people or things

"Pick a card from the deck."

"It took her nearly an hour to pick the perfect dress for the wedding from the large selection."

an occurrence of something

"This is a good example."

"The scientist presented a clear example of the phenomenon under investigation."

an area of land on which something is, was, or will be constructed

"Visit the site."

"The construction site is very busy."

(of human activities or natural forces) to gradually break down rocks, mountains, hills, etc.

"Rain can degrade rocks."

"Over centuries, wind and water gradually degrade the ancient mountain ranges into hills."

a central element or factor that provides essential support or cohesion to a system or concept

"This is the keystone."

"Collaboration is the keystone of successful project management, ensuring all parts work together."

what something is used for

"What is its role?"

"The primary role of this enzyme is to catalyze a specific biochemical reaction within the cell."

to actively influence or impact a situation, event, or outcome

"The wind will play."

"The changing economic conditions will undoubtedly play a significant role in the company's future decisions."

absolutely necessary and of great importance

"Water is vital."

"Clean drinking water is vital for human survival and access to it should be considered a basic human right."

a small living part of a plant that when put in the ground, grows into a new one

"The seed is small."

"She planted the seed in a small pot watering it daily and watching with excitement as the first green shoot emerged from the soil."

connected to the parts of the DNA in cells, called genes, that determine hereditary traits

"The disease is genetic."

"The genetic disease is inherited from parents and scientists are working to develop treatments that can correct the faulty genes."

the presence of a variety of distinct characteristics within a group

"The city is known for its cultural diversity."

"The city is famous for its rich cultural diversity and harmonious coexistence of different communities."

(biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration

"The new variation grew."

"Geneticists are studying the new variation that has emerged in the local bird population."

to adjust oneself to fit into a new environment or situation

"Animals adapt to their environment."

"Animals must adapt quickly to changing environmental conditions if they want to survive in the wild."

to use someone or something in an unfair way, which is only advantageous to oneself

"They exploit workers."

"The company was accused of exploiting cheap labor to maximize its profits at the expense of worker welfare."

to take in and hold something, like an atom, molecule, or particle, during a physical, chemical, or technical process

"The trap will capture mice."

"The specialized equipment can capture even the smallest atmospheric particles for analysis."