Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (1) · Cambridge IELTS Academic 17 Vocabulary List

a war that is between people who are in the same country

"A civil war is very sad."

"The civil war caused widespread destruction across the entire region."

characterized by resonance

"The success was resounding."

"The resounding victory of the underdog team shocked the sports world and the fans celebrated late into the night."

a person elected to the British Parliament, specifically to the House of Commons

"The parliamentarian advises on the rules of order."

"The parliamentarian advises on the rules of order and ensures the meeting follows proper procedure."

to engage in a negotiation or agreement, often in a business context, to reach mutually beneficial terms

"They did a deal with the supplier."

"The two companies met to do a deal that would benefit both of them equally."

someone who is from Scotland

"He is a Scot."

"The proud Scot shared stories of his homeland and its rich cultural heritage with the visitors."

used to indicate an action, item, or favor given or done as a compensation for something else

"A gift in return."

"The company provided a generous bonus in return for the employees' exceptional dedication and hard work this quarter."

relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government

"The system is parliamentary."

"The system is parliamentary which means the prime minister is chosen by the legislature."

to enter a territory using armed forces in order to occupy or take control of it

"The army invaded the neighboring country."

"The dictator made the terrible decision to invade the neighboring country in order to gain access to its rich oil fields and ports."

a surprise attack that is launched in order to prevent the enemy from doing it to you

"They launched a pre-emptive strike."

"The military decided to carry out a pre-emptive strike against the enemy base to prevent them from launching their planned attack first."

the act of invading or entering a territory, country, or region by force or without permission, often with the intent to control or dominate the area and its inhabitants

"The invasion was met with fierce resistance."

"The enemy's swift invasion of the neighboring country caught the world completely by surprise."

a piece of land covered in grass and sometimes wild flowers, often used for hay

"Cows grazed in the green meadow."

"The wildflowers in the sunny meadow created a beautiful carpet of purple yellow and white colors."

an organized search by police for a person wanted for a crime

"The police conduct a manhunt for the escaped prisoner."

"The police conduct a manhunt for the escaped prisoner and search the surrounding woods and towns."

having no money or financial resources

"He died penniless."

"The penniless artist could not afford to buy food and he slept on the street while painting masterpieces that would later sell for millions."

showing firm and constant support to a person, organization, cause, or belief

"The dog is loyal."

"The loyal dog waited at the train station every day for his owner to return even though the man had died years ago."

someone who keeps a diary, especially for the purpose of publication

"Diarist wrote daily entries."

"The diarist's private reflections offered a unique glimpse into the historical period."

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

"His intention is to help"

"Her intention was to help but her interference made the situation even worse."

to change the color of something using a liquid substance

"She dyes her hair bright red."

"She decided to dye her hair bright red because she wanted a dramatic change from her natural brown color."

to extend in time, length, or duration, often longer than necessary

"Don't draw out the meeting."

"The speaker's lengthy introduction began to draw out the presentation much longer than anticipated."

absurd and contrary to common sense

"His idea is preposterous."

"The preposterous claim that the moon landing was faked has been debunked by scientists."

any item that is worn to change or alter the appearance or to hide someone's identity

"The spy wears a disguise."

"The spy wore a false beard and glasses as a disguise to avoid being recognized by the guards."

used to give the reason for something

"He was late on."

"He was fired on the grounds that he had lied to his boss repeatedly."

the quality of being worthy of respect and honor, which can be attributed to a person's behavior, actions, or sense of self-worth

"He faced the challenge with dignity."

"Every person deserves respect and basic human dignity regardless of their background."

the state of being present; current existence

"Her presence in the room is reassuring."

"The presence of security cameras discouraged shoplifting in the retail store."

in a way that shows carefulness and attention to potential danger, risk, or harm

"She cautiously opened the door."

"She cautiously opened the door to see who was there because she had heard strange noises outside."

caused to abandon an evil manner of living and follow a good one

"He is a reformed criminal."

"The reformed criminal started a non profit organization to help young people avoid the mistakes that had landed him in prison."

to shock or horrify someone, causing them to feel alarmed or deeply unpleasantly surprised

"The cruelty appalled everyone."

"The terrible living conditions in the refugee camp appalled the visiting humanitarian aid workers."

an attendant at the court of a sovereign

"The courtier bows before the queen."

"The courtier bows before the queen and addresses her as Your Majesty with great respect."

be or provide a memorial to a person or an event

"They memorialized the war heroes."

"The new statue was built to memorialize the brave firefighters who lost their lives in the attack."

the medieval principles governing knighthood and knightly conduct

"The knight demonstrates chivalry by helping the weak."

"The knight demonstrates chivalry by helping the weak and defending those who cannot defend themselves."

something recalled to the mind

"The old man has a vivid recollection of the war."

"The old man has a vivid recollection of the war and can describe events from decades ago."

someone whose job is to write the story of a movie, play, TV show, etc.

"The scriptwriter wrote a scene."

"The scriptwriter created a powerful story that kept the audience interested until the end."

related to the practice or science of farming

"The land is agricultural."

"The agricultural fair featured cows pigs sheep and giant pumpkins grown by local farmers in the area."

a gardening tool closely resembling scissors as it is made of two large blades that cross each other, used for cutting grass, bushes, and hedges

"The gardener uses shears to trim the hedge."

"The gardener uses shears to trim the hedge and shapes the bushes into neat geometric forms."

to write down thoughts, plans, or ideas so they are recorded and can be remembered, shared, or used later

"Commit thoughts to paper."

"It is important to commit your brilliant ideas to paper before you forget them entirely."

the act of assuming or maintaining a seated position

"The portrait is painted in a single sitting."

"The portrait is painted in a single sitting and the model must remain still for hours."

a version of a story or event that has been told again, often with changes in style, details, or point of view

"Her retelling of the legend adds new details."

"Her retelling of the legend adds new details and changes some characters from the original story."

in a state or condition of progression or occurrence

"The preparations are already in train."

"The plans for the festival are already in train and everything is being organised by the committee."

to share personal opinions about a book, movie, or media to inform and provide insights into its strengths and weaknesses

"I will review the movie."

"The critic will review the latest theatre production, offering a nuanced perspective on its artistic merit."

to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

"Execute the prisoner."

"The soldiers were ordered to execute the traitor immediately after the court martial found him guilty of betraying his country during the war."

a fundamental belief or guideline based on what is morally right that influences one's actions and decisions

"That is my principle."

"Living by the principle of honesty, he always told the truth, no matter the consequence."

to place a crown on someone's head in a ceremony so that person officially becomes a king or queen

"The queen crowns her eldest son king."

"The queen was crowned in a magnificent ceremony at Westminster Abbey with thousands of people watching."

to encourage someone to do or say something

"The question prompted a thoughtful response."

"The teacher's question prompted a lively discussion among the students about environmental issues."

someone or something that is being described, discussed, or dealt with

"He is the subject."

"The main subject of the lecture was the historical impact of the industrial revolution."

to get away from or avoid someone or something, often using cleverness or deceit

"He will evade capture."

"The cunning fox managed to evade the hunters by skillfully navigating through the dense forest."

a safe or secure place, often emphasizing security or sanctuary

"This is a safe refuge."

"The ancient temple provided a much-needed refuge for the travelers during the stormy weather."

to travel around without a clear purpose or direction, often covering a large area

"I like to wander."

"He enjoys to wander through ancient ruins, imagining the lives of those who lived there centuries ago."

the reinstatement of the monarchy in England, particularly the return of King Charles II to the throne in 1660

"The restoration of the monarchy occurred in 1660 in England."

"The Meiji Restoration in Japan was a political revolution that returned imperial rule and triggered a period of breakneck modernization."

remarkable or very unusual, often in a positive way

"She has extraordinary talent."

"The extraordinary courage of the firefighters saved many lives and the mayor awarded them medals for their bravery."

any of the separate events or series of events occurring in a sequence

"A new episode aired."

"The documentary series will explore a new episode each week, detailing significant historical events."

to narrate or recount a story, event, or series of events

"Can you relate this?"

"The historian will relate the fascinating sequence of events that led to the unexpected political upheaval."

to conduct a thorough search of a place, text, or area in order to find something

"Scour the files for clues."

"The detective spent hours scouring the crime scene for any small piece of evidence that might have been overlooked."

to select a new title, place, or practice in place of a former one

"They will adopt a new plan."

"The committee decided to adopt a more stringent policy regarding environmental protection."

(psychology) a strong feeling of stress or pressure

"There was tension."

"The unresolved conflict created a palpable tension in the room, making everyone feel uneasy."

a person who follows or adheres to Protestantism

"She is a protestant."

"The young woman, a dedicated protestant, actively engaged in her church's community outreach programs."

the act of punishing a criminal by death

"The execution of the traitor was swift and brutal."

"The execution of the prisoner was carried out despite numerous appeals from international human rights groups."

in a resolute, determined, or unwavering manner, often indicating certainty or strength of conviction

"He held firmly."

"She gripped the steering wheel firmly, determined to maintain control of the vehicle."

to secure things together by using a metal pin that fits into a corresponding metal hole

"Bolt the door securely shut."

"You must bolt the heavy gate to ensure that no one can enter without permission."

the front of a military formation or procession

"The head of the line moved."

"The general led the troops at the head of the marching formation."

a group of trained and organized people such as the police, soldiers, etc.

"The police force arrived quickly."

"The elite special forces unit was deployed to neutralize the ongoing threat."

(of people) behaving dangerously or aggressively due to the circumstances

"He is desperate now."

"The trapped hikers became desperate and took extreme risks to find their way out."

the first of a series of actions

"This is a new initiative."

"The government launched a new initiative aimed at improving public transportation and reducing traffic congestion."

a group of people organized together because they share similar interests or goals

"It is a secret order."

"The clandestine order operated in the shadows, pursuing its agenda through subtle influence and manipulation."

(in the Middle Ages) a man of high social rank, wearing armor and riding a horse, who is loyal to his king

"The knight wore a full suit of shining armor."

"The brave knight defended the kingdom from invading forces with his sword."

to represent or show something or someone by a work of art

"The painting will depict."

"The mural was commissioned to depict the historical events of the city's founding."

a piece of cloth that artists paint on, especially with oil paints

"The artist painted the canvas."

"She stretched a fresh canvas, ready to begin her latest oil painting."

a person who is actively avoiding capture or is being pursued by law enforcement authorities due to legal charges or criminal activity

"The fugitive hides in the forest."

"The fugitive hides in the forest and survives by stealing food from nearby farms at night."

one who holds or guards secrets

"He was a secretary."

"The spy acted as a secretary, guarding critical intelligence from enemy agents."

to find a place to live and embrace a more stable and routine way of life

"He will settle down."

"After years of traveling the world, he decided it was time to settle down and start a family."

an incident or event, either real or imagined, that is depicted or described with specific details and context

"It was a sad scene."

"The detective meticulously reconstructed the crime scene, noting every minute detail."

to start an action or event

"The meeting will commence soon."

"The concert is scheduled to commence promptly at eight o'clock this evening."

a story or an account of something especially one that is told in a movie, novel, etc.

"Narrative tells a story."

"The narrative followed a linear path from the protagonist's childhood to his eventual redemption in old age."

moving from one place to another in an attempt to not get caught or arrested

"The thief is on the run."

"After the robbery, the suspects were on the run from the police for several days."