Test 3 - Listening - Part 4 · Cambridge IELTS Academic 17 Vocabulary List

the act of subjecting someone to repeated and unwanted attacks, criticism, or other forms of harmful behavior

"Harassment is not acceptable."

"The employee filed a complaint about harassment in the workplace last month."

to show that something is false or incorrect

"Scientists disprove the old theory with evidence."

"The scientist conducted a series of experiments to disprove the popular but incorrect theory about the cause of the disease."

to make something widely known and accepted by the general public, often by adjusting it to fit popular preferences or trends

"The show popularized the dance style."

"The television show helped to popularize the sport of competitive dancing among a much wider audience."

lacking the necessary ability or skill to perform a specific task or achieve a particular outcome

"He is incapable."

"The incapable driver could not parallel park his car and he gave up after scratching the bumper of the vehicle behind him."

in a manner related to or characteristic of a particular season

"The restaurant closes seasonally in winter."

"The restaurant closes seasonally in winter because there are not enough tourists during the cold months."

to a specific degree, particularly when compared to other similar things

"The house is relatively cheap."

"The house is relatively cheap compared to others in the same neighborhood because it needs some repairs and renovations."

the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows

"The forest is their habitat."

"The rainforest provides a natural habitat for thousands of unique species that cannot survive anywhere else."

the southern part of Scotland that is not mountainous

"The lowlands flood frequently after heavy rain."

"The lowlands flood frequently after heavy rain and farmers have built ditches to drain the water."

the absence or insufficiency of something, often implying a deficiency or shortage

"There is a lack of water."

"The severe lack of funding meant that the research project could not be completed as planned."

providing enjoyment or laughter

"The story is amusing."

"The amusing story about the cat made everyone at the dinner table laugh out loud."

a dormant state in animals, characterized by lowered body temperature and metabolic activity, often during winter to conserve energy

"The bear went into hibernation and slept deeply all through the winter."

"Hibernation is a state of deep dormancy and reduced metabolism that allows an animal to survive cold winter months without eating or drinking."

(of some animals or plants) to spend the winter sleeping deeply

"Bears hibernate during winter."

"Some animals like bears and hedgehogs hibernate during the cold winter months to conserve energy."

existing or available in large quantities

"The harvest is abundant."

"The abundant wildlife in the national park attracted nature lovers and photographers from all over the world."

to confine something, typically an animal, within a restricted space

"Cage the bird carefully."

"The zookeeper decided to cage the dangerous animal for the safety of the visitors."

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

"Birds migrate by pure natural instinct."

"A mother's instinct to protect her child is incredibly powerful and natural."

a scientist who studies the natural world, including plants, animals, and ecosystems

"The naturalist studied birds in the forest."

"The famous naturalist studied birds and animals in the forest for many years."

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

"The panda is a critically endangered species."

"This particular species of orchid is extremely rare and can only be found in a small region of the Amazon rainforest."

an act that changes the form or character or substance of something

"In alchemy the transmutation of lead into gold was a goal."

"In alchemy the transmutation of lead into gold was a goal but it is not scientifically possible."

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

"That is a false assumption."

"She made a wrong assumption about his intentions and later regretted it deeply."

strange or unexpected in appearance, style, or behavior

"That is bizarre."

"The artist's bizarre sculptures, made from recycled materials, challenged conventional notions of beauty and form."

to do something important that will be remembered for a long time

"The astronaut made history."

"The astronaut made history by becoming the first woman to walk on the surface of the moon."

having a distinctive or crucial role

"This is a defining moment."

"The defining moment of the athlete's career came when she won the gold medal at the Olympic Games in her home country."

a branch of zoology concerning the scientific study of birds

"Ornithology is his hobby."

"Ornithology involves the study of birds."

involving or concerning the branch of science that deals with animals

"The garden is zoological."

"The zoological park houses over five hundred species of animals and visitors can see everything from lions to penguins."

having an understanding or perception of something, often through careful thought or sensitivity

"I am aware of the danger."

"She was aware of the risks involved in starting a new business but she decided to take the chance anyway."

to attach a ring, often for the purpose of identification, such as to an animal, key, or object

"Ring the bird's leg."

"The veterinarian will ring the bird's leg for tracking its migration patterns."

to depend on someone or something for support and assistance

"I rely on you."

"As a new student, she had to rely on her classmates for guidance and support during the initial adjustment period."

to be able to say who or what someone or something is

"Can you identify the suspect?"

"The witness was asked to identify the robber from a lineup of several suspects at the police station this morning."

information or facts collected to be used for various purposes

"The survey collected a lot of data."

"Analyzing big data requires sophisticated algorithms and powerful computational resources."

a collection of maps, charts, and geographical information typically organized by region or topic

"The atlas has many maps."

"An anatomical atlas is a meticulously detailed catalog of the structures of the human body"

to cover or hide something from sight, often by placing it in the ground or covering it with another material

"Bury the treasure chest."

"The pirates decided to bury their ill-gotten gains on a deserted island, marking the spot carefully."

a group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a given area

"The population is large."

"Conservation efforts aim to protect the entire population of this endangered species."

(of fish, birds, or other animals) to move to different geographic areas according to seasons in order to breed, find food, or escape harsh environmental conditions

"Birds migrate south."

"Many species of birds migrate thousands of miles annually to find optimal breeding grounds and abundant food sources."

a particular way in which something is done or happens

"That is the fashion."

"The latest fashion in interior design emphasizes minimalist aesthetics and natural materials."

to examine something closely and analyze it in order to understand its essential features or meaning

"I will study this."

"She decided to study the ancient manuscript to understand its historical significance."

the most northern or most southern points of the earth that are joined by its axis of rotation

"The north pole is cold."

"Scientists are studying the effects of climate change on the fragile ecosystems at the Earth's geographic pole."

something that is hard to explain or understand, often involving a puzzling event or situation with an unknown explanation

"It is a mystery."

"The disappearance of the valuable artifact remains an unsolved mystery, baffling investigators for years."

the event of coming into sight

"Their appearance surprised."

"The sudden appearance of a wild deer startled the picnickers."

the act or instance of going missing, often without explanation or a trace left behind

"The disappearance of the plane is a mystery."

"The disappearance of the plane is a mystery and investigators have found no wreckage or survivors."

to last beyond the typical or anticipated duration

"The cold will persist."

"Despite the initial setbacks, the team's determination to succeed allowed their efforts to persist."

to show clearly that something is true or exists by providing proof or evidence

"The teacher will demonstrate the experiment."

"The technician will demonstrate how to operate the new machine safely during the training session tomorrow morning."

the act of forming a personal understanding or mental image of something based on individual perception or analysis

"My interpretation is different."

"His interpretation of the ancient text offered a new perspective on its meaning."

a scholarly article describing the results of observations or stating hypotheses

"Read the paper."

"The scientist presented a detailed paper on quantum entanglement at the conference."

to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

"He claims he is innocent."

"The politician made a bold claim about economic growth without providing any supporting evidence."

a process or state in which something becomes more advanced, stronger, etc.

"This is a development."

"The rapid development of renewable energy technologies is crucial for combating climate change."

a weapon with a long handle and a metal pointed tip, used for fighting and fishing in the past

"The spear looked sharp."

"The hunter carried a spear while traveling through the dense forest cautiously."

in a way that defies belief or seems impossible to be true

"It is incredibly cold."

"The magician performed an incredibly difficult trick that amazed the audience."

to reach a level of acceptance and recognition due to permanent success

"The band will establish fame."

"He worked diligently to establish his reputation as a leading expert in the field."

the place where someone or something is headed

"Our destination is Paris."

"They arrived at their destination late at night after a long drive."

to form a theory or opinion about a subject without knowing all the facts

"Analysts speculate about the company's future."

"Financial analysts often speculate about the company's future performance based on limited information available to the public."