Mental Disorders: English Vocabulary List

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

"Dementia gradually affects memory and reasoning abilities"

"Dementia causes progressive decline in memory and thinking."

a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges

"Autism affects communication and social interaction differently"

"Early intervention programs can significantly improve outcomes for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder."

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

"Child shows high hyperactivity."

"The child shows high hyperactivity and finds it very difficult to sit still during lessons at school every day."

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

"ADHD causes restlessness and impulsivity."

"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder causes restlessness, inability to focus, and impulsive actions."

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

"OCD has unwanted thoughts."

"Obsessive-compulsive disorder involves recurring unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors such as excessive cleaning or checking."

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

"PTSD causes flashbacks from trauma."

"Post-traumatic stress disorder can cause nightmares and flashbacks following a shocking or frightening event."

a disorder causing one to suddenly feel intense anxiety or fear

"She had sudden panic attack."

"She had a sudden panic attack in the crowded shopping mall and needed immediate help to calm down quickly."

an unreasonable and persistent fear that others want to harm you

"His paranoia made him very afraid."

"His paranoia grew so intense that he began checking every lock in his house three times each night."

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

"The patient was diagnosed with a personality disorder."

"The psychiatrist diagnosed the patient with a personality disorder that affected his relationships with others."

someone with a severe mental condition that makes them prone to violent or antisocial behavior

"He is dangerous psychopath."

"He is a dangerous psychopath who shows no remorse for his harmful actions against other people."

someone with a mental condition characterized by impulsive behavior, impaired remorse, and indifference to other people's feelings

"She is clever sociopath."

"She is a clever sociopath who manipulates people around her without feeling any guilt or empathy at all."

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

"Schizophrenia distorts reality perception."

"Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder affecting a person's ability to think, feel, and behave, often involving a distortion of reality."

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

"BPD causes impulsive actions."

"Borderline personality disorder involves impulsive behavior, mood swings, and relationship difficulties."

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

"She has bipolar disorder."

"Bipolar disorder causes extreme mood swings between high energy and deep depression."

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

"DID has many personalities."

"Dissociative identity disorder means having multiple personalities with different memories and behaviors."

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

"Insomnia kept him awake all night."

"Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia is a structured program that helps identify and replace thoughts and behaviors that cause or worsen chronic sleep problems."

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

"The accident caused amnesia."

"Following the head injury, the patient developed retrograde amnesia, forgetting events that occurred before the accident."

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

"His egomania is extreme."

"His egomania is so extreme that he believes the whole world revolves around him and his desires only."

the action of intentionally harming oneself, usually as a result of a mental disorder

"She does self-harm sometimes."

"She does self-harm when she feels overwhelmed by strong negative emotions and stress in her daily life."

gaining sexual satisfaction from being physically or mentally harmed or controlled

"His masochistic desire."

"His masochistic behavior makes him enjoy pain which is very unusual and concerning to his friends."

finding pleasure, particularly sexual pleasure in hurting or humiliating others

"His sadistic nature."

"The sadistic villain enjoyed watching his victims suffer before he finally let them go."

a disease, illness, or medical condition that impairs normal physical or mental function

"He has a rare blood disorder."

"The doctor diagnosed her with a rare sleep disorder that made it nearly impossible to rest at night."

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

"He has much anxiety."

"Her anxiety about the upcoming exam made it difficult for her to sleep at night."

relating to the health or state of the mind, including aspects of emotional, psychological, and cognitive well-being

"He has mental problems."

"Maintaining good mental health is crucial for overall well-being and daily functioning."

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

"She suffers from depression."

"The Great Depression of the 1930s was a severe economic downturn."

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

"He experienced a mania."

"During his manic episodes, he displayed an overwhelming surge of energy and an inability to sleep for days."

suffering from a mental condition that causes one to believe other people are trying to harm one

"He is paranoid about germs."

"He is paranoid about germs and washes his hands at least twenty times every single day."

(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy

"He had a psychotic episode."

"He had a psychotic episode and was hospitalized because he could not tell what was real."

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

"The trauma was severe."

"Experiencing a significant childhood trauma can have long-lasting psychological effects on an individual's adult life."

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

"The political instability caused concern."

"She suffers from emotional instability that causes sudden mood changes without any clear reason many times."

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

"He has a mother complex."

"The patient's behavior was attributed to a deeply rooted inferiority complex stemming from childhood experiences."

dangerous and likely to be fatal; likely to cause a disaster

"The plan was suicidal."

"He has suicidal thoughts and needs to see a therapist immediately for professional help and support."