Society and Social Issues: English Vocabulary List

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

"The aristocracy had power."

"The aristocracy ruled the country for many years."

someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized

"Every citizen has the right to vote."

"A responsible citizen always follows the laws and helps improve the community."

the activity of helping people, particularly financially

"He practices philanthropy."

"He practices philanthropy by giving money and time to support education and health projects around the world."

the qualities and activities that are related to sex

"Human sexuality topic."

"Human sexuality is complex and influenced by biological psychological and social factors combined."

the movement that supports equal rights and opportunities for women and men

"Feminism advocates for equal rights for women."

"Modern feminism fights for equal rights and opportunities for women in all areas of life."

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

"The form asked about his race and ethnicity."

"Job applications should not ask about ethnicity because that information could lead to discrimination."

relating to or involving several different cultures

"The city is multicultural."

"The multicultural neighborhood is home to people from over fifty different countries and you can hear many languages spoken on the streets."

‌the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems

"We live in a global village."

"The internet turned the world into a global village."

the differences between men and women's rights, opportunities, and treatment in society

"The gender gap remains large."

"The gender gap in salaries remains a serious problem in many industries around the world."

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

"It is illegal to discriminate unfairly."

"It is illegal for employers to discriminate against job applicants based on their race religion gender or age."

surpassing others in terms of overall goodness or excellence

"This product is superior."

"The superior quality of the handmade shoes was obvious when compared to the cheap factory made ones that fell apart after a few months."

a social system or practice that keeps minority groups separate from the majority, often through separate facilities or services

"Racial segregation ended."

"Racial segregation was declared unconstitutional in the United States during the civil rights movement."

the fact or condition of not having a home

"Homelessness is increasing."

"The city built several new shelters to address the growing homelessness problem among veterans and families."

the belief or behavior that one sex is less important, capable, or valuable than the other

"Sexism is wrong."

"The organization is committed to combating sexism in the workplace and promoting equal opportunities for all employees."

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

"Alcoholism destroyed his family and his health."

"His battle with alcoholism destroyed his marriage and cost him his job as a lawyer."

the inability to stop using or doing something, particularly something harmful or unhealthy

"Addiction is serious."

"His addiction to video games became so severe that he stopped attending classes and failed his exams."

an unreasonable opinion or judgment based on dislike felt for a person, group, etc., particularly because of their race, sex, etc.

"Education can reduce social prejudice effectively"

"Prejudice based on race or religion leads to discrimination and social injustice in society."

(often plural) a very poor and overpopulated area of a city or town in which the houses are not in good condition

"People live in slum."

"Many families live in the slum with limited services."

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

"The refugee fled from war."

"A refugee is a person forced to flee their country due to persecution"

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

"Community service is unpaid."

"Community service is a non-custodial sentence requiring an offender to perform unpaid"

someone who is employed to give advice to or provide help for those with family or financial problems

"Dedicated social worker."

"The dedicated social worker helps many poor families in the community every single day."

a group of people having the same economic or social status in a particular society

"She is in a class."

"The widening gap between the upper and lower class has become a significant societal concern."

belonging to the highest social or political class

"He is noble."

"Historically, individuals from noble families held significant power and influence within the kingdom."

related to the citizens of a country

"The civil rights were important."

"The government enacted new civil legislation to protect citizens' fundamental liberties and freedoms."

someone or something's professional or social position relative to that of others

"What is your current employment status?"

"Social status is very important in some traditional societies."

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

"They need welfare."

"The government provides welfare programs to support citizens during times of unemployment or illness."

willingness to accept behavior or opinions that are against one's own

"Tolerance is needed."

"The school promotes tolerance by teaching students about different cultures religions and lifestyles respectfully."

the fact or condition of being male, female or non-binary that people identify themselves with based on social and cultural roles

"What is your gender?"

"Understanding gender identity is crucial for fostering an inclusive and respectful society for everyone."

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with women

"She has a feminine."

"Her gentle demeanor and compassionate nature were often described as distinctly feminine."

related to qualities, characteristics, or behaviors typically associated with men

"He has a masculine."

"His strong, assertive personality and deep voice were perceived as traditionally masculine."

each of the main groups into which humans can be divided based on their physical attributes such as the color of their skin

"People of every race are equal."

"It is important to understand and respect the cultural heritage of every race."

a situation in which people or groups are not treated equally or fairly

"There is inequality here."

"The report highlighted significant economic inequality between different social classes in the region."

the practice of involving many people from different cultures, social backgrounds, sexual orientations, etc.

"We celebrate diversity."

"The company actively promotes diversity by hiring individuals from varied backgrounds and perspectives."

higher in status or rank in comparison with someone or something else

"This is superior."

"The company's innovative technology proved superior to all competing products on the market."

lower in rank or status in comparison with someone or something else

"This is inferior quality."

"Despite its attractive price, the product was of inferior quality compared to its competitors."

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

"Racism is harmful."

"Racism damages communities and prevents fair treatment."

a display of support for or protest against something or someone by a march or public meeting

"The students held a demonstration against tuition increases."

"Thousands of people gathered for a public demonstration to voice their concerns about the new environmental policy."

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

"The minority group demanded equal rights."

"The minority group faced discrimination in housing and employment so activists organized protests to demand equal treatment under the law."

a situation where a person or animal dies or greatly suffers from having no food for a long time

"Risk of starvation."

"Many people in the region faced the risk of starvation after the long drought destroyed their crops."

a place in which very poor people are provided with food and housing

"Homeless need shelter."

"The homeless were provided with shelter and warm meals at the community center."