Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (1) · Cambridge IELTS Academic 16 Vocabulary List

a possible consequence that something can bring about

"The implication was clear."

"The implication of the new policy is that many employees will lose their jobs."

a rubber or silicone nipple-shaped device designed to be sucked on by infants

"The pacifier soothes the fussy baby."

"The pacifier soothed the fussy baby who needed to suck even when not hungry."

a young child who is starting to learn how to walk

"The toddler ran fast."

"The toddler was curious and explored everything in the room."

round one's back by bending forward and drawing the shoulders forward

"Hunch over your desk carefully."

"The office workers tend to hunch over their computer screens for hours which can lead to serious back and neck problems."

(usually used with `to') occurring or existing without the knowledge of

"The fact was unbeknown to me."

"Unbeknown to his parents he had been sneaking out of the house every night to meet his friends."

of or relating to neurons

"The activity is neuronal."

"The neuronal activity in his brain was monitored while he performed various tasks during the experiment."

to serve as the foundation or primary cause for something

"Deep beliefs underlie his political decisions."

"The basic principles that underlie the scientific method include observation hypothesis testing and careful analysis of results."

in a way that is faint, delicate, or so slight that it is hard to notice, explain, or define

"The color changed subtly."

"The artist subtly altered the background colors to create a more melancholic mood."

the scientific study of the nervous system

"Neuroscience studies the brain and nervous system."

"Neuroscience research used brain imaging to understand how neural networks processed information and memories."

the capability to read and write

"Literacy helps you read books."

"Digital literacy is essential for navigating today's technology-driven world effectively."

to make something required due to specific circumstances

"The injury necessitated immediate surgery."

"The severe weather conditions necessitated the cancellation of all flights in and out of the city until the storm passed."

a group of animals, such as cows, sheep, etc. that are from the same species, which move and feed together

"A herd of cattle crossed the road."

"A herd is a large group of animals that move together and feed in the same area."

made more detailed and comprehensive, often by adding additional information or complexity

"The explanation is elaborated."

"The professor elaborated on the topic for thirty minutes until everyone in the class fully understood the concept."

to give someone or something the means or ability to do something

"Technology enables people to work remotely."

"The scholarship enabled her to attend university because she could not afford the tuition fees without financial assistance."

characterized by emotion

"The song is affective."

"The song's affective quality resonated deeply with the audience, evoking strong emotions of joy and nostalgia."

to incorporate or integrate information, beliefs, or values into one's own understanding or mindset

"Students internalize values from their teachers."

"Children often internalize the values and beliefs of their parents without even realizing that they are doing so over many years."

expressing, composed of, or based on an analogy

"Her reasoning is analogical."

"The analogical reasoning compared the human heart to a pump and the brain to a computer processor."

the act of rational and logical thinking about something

"Logical reasoning used."

"His reasoning was logical but he lacked enough evidence to support his initial claim."

a conclusion one reaches from the existing evidence or known facts

"This is a logical inference."

"The inference from the data was clear."

the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person

"She feels deep empathy for the suffering child."

"She feels deep empathy for the suffering child and wants to help however she can."

to warn someone of something that could be difficult or dangerous

"I caution you now."

"The doctor cautioned the patient to avoid strenuous activity for at least two weeks after the surgery."

to be at fault or make mistakes, especially in one's thinking, judgment, or actions

"To err is human nature."

"To err is human but it is also important to learn from your mistakes and try not to repeat them in the future."

to distribute or assign resources, funds, or tasks for a particular purpose

"We allocate funds for projects."

"The company decided to allocate a significant portion of its budget towards research and development for new products."

(of a task) needing great effort, skill, etc.

"The job is demanding."

"The demanding job required long hours and constant travel but the salary was high enough to make it worthwhile."

someone whose job is to teach people

"The educator received an award for teaching excellence."

"The dedicated educator spent extra hours after school helping struggling students understand difficult math concepts."

studies that deal with people and their behavior such as language, philosophy, history, etc.

"The humanities include literature history and philosophy."

"Studying the humanities including literature history and philosophy helps students understand human culture deeply."

to confirm a statement or claim by providing evidence

"The evidence bears out his story."

"The evidence from the investigation bears out the witness's version of what actually happened that night."

in a way that involves effort and participation rather than being passive

"He actively helps others."

"He actively participates in class discussions and always has something interesting to contribute to the conversation."

referring to mental processes involved in understanding, thinking, and remembering

"She has cognitive abilities."

"Cognitive abilities such as memory and problem solving can be improved with regular mental exercise and challenging puzzles."

lack of ability (especially mental ability) to do something

"His inability to swim prevents him from joining."

"His inability to swim prevents him from joining the boat trip and he stays on the shore instead."

having enough of something to meet a particular need or requirement

"We have sufficient food."

"The company needs to demonstrate sufficient progress before it can secure the next round of funding."

the quality of being intricate and compounded

"The complexity of the problem baffles the engineers."

"The complexity of the problem baffles the engineers and they need more time to find a solution."

making one feel worried, upset, or uneasy about something

"The news is troubling."

"The recent increase in crime rates is a troubling trend for the community."

the capacity to understand something

"The reading comprehension passage is two pages long."

"The reading comprehension passage is two pages long and students answer ten questions about the text."

having a big effect that changes the usual way something works or is done

"The invention is game-changing."

"The game changing invention revolutionized the industry and made all previous technology obsolete within just a few years."

a large group or collection of things

"A small flotilla of fishing boats leaves the harbor."

"A small flotilla of fishing boats leaves the harbor and heads out to sea at sunrise."

adjusted or located in relation to surroundings or circumstances; sometimes used in combination

"She is detail-oriented."

"The program is oriented toward helping young people develop job skills and find employment after graduation."

to quickly read through a text, focusing on key information and main points rather than delving into details

"I can skim the text."

"She could skim the lengthy report quickly to grasp the main arguments and conclusions."

a personalized and constantly updated stream of content from accounts that a user follows, allowing them to view and engage with the latest posts, photos, and videos in a central place

"The feed has new posts."

"The social media feed provides a continuous stream of updates from a diverse range of accounts and topics."

to establish a relationship or association between two things

"Link these ideas."

"Scientists are trying to link the environmental changes to the observed increase in disease."

to show, point out, or suggest the existence, presence, or nature of something

"The sign indicates the correct direction."

"The arrows on the floor indicate the direction of the emergency exit in case of a fire."

the mental activity involved in learning or internalizing information

"The acquisition of knowledge."

"The acquisition of a new language requires consistent practice and immersion in its culture."

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

"Animals evolve over time."

"Over millions of years, species evolve to better adapt to their environmental pressures and challenges."

to figure out or understand something that is confusing or difficult to understand

"Can you decode this secret message?"

"The spy spent hours trying to decode the secret message that had been intercepted from the enemy using an ancient cipher technique."

to describe a specific subject, scene, person, etc.

"The painting depicts a rural scene."

"The mural depicts scenes from the town's history including the great fire and subsequent rebuilding efforts."

(biology) the natural process of an organism growing and changing from a simple form to a more complex one

"The development of the child."

"Embryonic development involves a complex series of cellular divisions and differentiations into specialized tissues."

relating to or involving the use of reasoning and understanding capacity

"He is intellectual."

"The intellectual challenge of solving complex puzzles keeps his mind sharp and he spends hours working on them."

a specific manner of considering something

"What is your perspective?"

"From his unique perspective, the political situation appeared much more complex."

providing knowledgeable judgments and opinions about the positive and negative aspects of something

"Give a critical review."

"The editor provided a critical analysis of the manuscript, highlighting both its strengths and weaknesses."

the process of causing something to exist or appear

"This is a new generation."

"The rapid generation of new ideas is crucial for staying competitive in the fast-paced technology sector."

a penetrating and profound understanding that goes beyond surface-level observations or knowledge

"The book provides a fascinating insight into rural life."

"Her research offers valuable insight into how children learn languages."

to become apparent or come into view, often after being hidden or unnoticed

"The truth will surface."

"After years of being hidden, the evidence finally began to surface, changing the entire investigation."

indicating the main part, material, or feature of something

"This is based on facts."

"The entire political theory is based upon the fundamental principle of individual liberty."

a particular method or way in which something is done or occurs

"This is a new mode."

"The most efficient mode of transportation for this journey is undoubtedly the high-speed train."

pertaining to or involving of two distinct elements or parts

"The code is binary."

"The binary code uses only zeros and ones to represent information in computers."

the text or type that appears in books, newspapers, or other printed material

"Read the print."

"The fine print on the contract contained crucial details that were easily overlooked."

used to compare or to show contrast between two choices, decisions, etc.

"This versus that."

"The debate focused on the merits of renewable energy versus traditional fossil fuels."

the act or process of introducing something new

"An innovation in tech."

"The company's latest innovation promises to revolutionize the way people interact with technology."

someone who has a lot of knowledge about a particular subject, especially in the humanities

"The scholar published many books on ancient history."

"The respected scholar spent years researching ancient manuscripts to write his definitive book on Roman history."

to cause disorder or disturbance in something that was previously orderly or calm

"The storm will disrupt the game."

"Unexpected technical failures can significantly disrupt the smooth operation of the entire production line."

to lessen the perceived value, significance, or importance of someone or something

"Do not diminish their efforts."

"His constant criticism tended to diminish the team's morale and their belief in success."

an important or crucial factor that determines what happens next or how things will turn out

"It is a hinge point."

"The outcome of the election proved to be a hinge, determining the future direction of the country."

to face or deal with a problem or difficult situation directly

"She will confront her boss tomorrow."

"She finally decided to confront her colleague about the inappropriate comments he had been making."

a detailed plan or strategy designed to achieve a particular goal

"This is the blueprint."

"The architect presented a detailed blueprint for the sustainable urban development project."

to change something in a way that suits a new purpose or situation better

"We adapt quickly."

"Organisms must adapt to changing environmental conditions to survive and thrive in their habitats."

a notable feature or quality that defines or describes something

"Kindness is a characteristic."

"A calm voice is one of her most noticeable characteristics."

a means that is used for the purpose of communicating or expressing something

"TV is a medium."

"Social media has become a powerful medium for political discourse and public opinion."

having superiority in power, influence, or importance

"He is dominant."

"The dominant wolf in the pack eats first and makes all the decisions for the group."

complex and challenging to fully comprehend

"The topic is deep."

"The philosophical implications of quantum mechanics are incredibly deep and require careful consideration."

(of a text) hard to understand due to complexity or being packed with ideas

"The text is dense."

"Given the dense nature of the academic paper, it was challenging to extract the core arguments quickly."

to cause someone to worry

"This news concerns him."

"The new safety regulations concern all factory workers and anyone else who works with heavy machinery on a daily basis."

happening later in a process or sequence, often with an impact on subsequent stages

"The village is downstream."

"The downstream effects of this decision will likely impact our entire department's workflow."

data and information that can be gathered to form a research

"We need more material here."

"The researcher gathered all the necessary material from libraries and online databases before starting to write the final report."

a pathway made of connected brain cells through which electrical and chemical signals move to help the brain do certain tasks

"A brain circuit helps us think."

"This complex neural circuit allows for rapid processing of sensory information."