The Heart, The Respiratory System, External Body Parts and 4 More Topics · Human Body — English Vocabulary

a heart chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle

"The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood."

"The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava."

a heart chamber that receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation

"The right ventricle pumps blood to lungs."

"The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery."

a heart chamber that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and sends it to the left ventricle

"The left atrium receives oxygenated blood."

"The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the four pulmonary veins."

the heart chamber that receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it into the aorta to be distributed throughout the body

"The left ventricle pumps blood to the body."

"The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta to be distributed throughout the entire body."

a heart valve consisting of three leaflets that regulates blood flow between the right atrium and right ventricle

"The tricuspid valve separates right chambers."

"The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle and has three leaflets."

a heart valve that allows blood to flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery

"The pulmonary valve opens to lung artery."

"The pulmonary valve opens to allow blood to flow from the right ventricle to the lungs and closes to prevent backflow."

a heart valve between the left atrium and left ventricle that regulates blood flow by opening and closing its two leaflets

"The mitral valve separates left chambers."

"The mitral valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle and has two leaflets."

a heart valve that regulates the flow of blood from the left ventricle to the aorta, the largest artery in the body

"The aortic valve opens to aorta."

"The aortic valve opens during left ventricular contraction to allow blood into the aorta and closes during relaxation."

the outermost layer of the heart, providing protection and lubrication to facilitate its smooth functioning

"The epicardium covers the heart surface."

"The epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart and is also part of the pericardium."

the muscular layer of the heart responsible for its contraction and pumping action

"The myocardium is the heart muscle."

"The myocardium is the thick muscular middle layer of the heart wall that contracts to pump blood."

the thin layer of tissue that lines the inside of the heart chambers and valves

"The endocardium lines heart chambers."

"The endocardium is the smooth inner lining of the heart chambers and valves preventing blood clot formation."

each of the two organs in the chest that helps one breathe

"The lung is important."

"Smoking damages the tiny air sacs in your lungs permanently reducing their ability to transfer oxygen into your bloodstream and causing shortness of breath."

(anatomy) the hollow organ in the throat that contains the vocal cords and provides an air passage to the lungs

"The larynx produces sound."

"The larynx is commonly known as the voice box."

(anatomy) the membranous tube in the body that carries air from the throat to the bronchi

"The trachea carries air."

"The trachea is also called the windpipe."

the passage with ringed cartilages in the respiratory system that carries air from the throat to the lungs

"The windpipe carries air to lungs."

"The windpipe also called the trachea carries air between the larynx and the bronchi of the lungs."

the central area of the human torso, typically encompassing the abdomen and waist region

"The midriff is the upper abdomen area."

"The midriff is the part of the body between the chest and the waist often exposed in cropped tops."

a flap-like structure that prevents food and liquids from entering the windpipe during swallowing

"The epiglottis prevents food choking."

"The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that closes over the windpipe during swallowing to prevent choking."

a small airway in the respiratory system that leads from the bronchi to the alveoli in the lungs

"Bronchioles lead to air sacs."

"Bronchioles are tiny air passages in the lungs that branch from the bronchi and lead to the alveoli."

a major airway in the respiratory system that branches off from the trachea and leads to the lungsea

"The bronchus branches into each lung."

"The bronchus is one of the two main air passages from the trachea into the lungs."

a thin membrane that lines the lungs and the inner surface of the chest cavity, providing a protective covering

"The pleura covers lungs and chest wall."

"The pleura is a double layered membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the chest cavity."

the fluid-filled region between the visceral and parietal layers of the pleura that facilitates lung movement

"The pleural space contains fluid."

"The pleural space is the thin fluid filled cavity between the two layers of the pleura allowing smooth lung movement."

a prominent, shield-shaped structure in the neck that protects the larynx and aids in sound production

"The thyroid cartilage is the Adam's apple."

"The thyroid cartilage is the large shield shaped cartilage in the front of the neck that forms the Adam's apple."

a ring-shaped structure in the neck that supports the trachea and aids in the regulation of airflow during breathing

"The cricoid cartilage supports voice box."

"The cricoid cartilage is a ring shaped cartilage below the thyroid cartilage that connects to the trachea."

thin muscular bands in the larynx that vibrate to produce sound during speech and singing

"Vocal folds vibrate to produce sound."

"The vocal folds are twin folds of tissue in the larynx that vibrate to produce sound during speaking."

elastic bands of tissue located within the larynx that vibrate to produce sound during speech and singing

"Vocal cords vibrate to make sound."

"The vocal cords are bands of tissue that tighten and relax to change pitch when air passes over them."

the point in the trachea, or windpipe, where it divides into two smaller branches called the left and right main bronchi, which then lead to the respective lungs, facilitating the flow of air during breathing

"The tracheal bifurcation splits into bronchi."

"The tracheal bifurcation is the point where the trachea divides into the left and right main bronchi."

small, air-filled sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the air and bloodstream during respiration

"Alveoli exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide."

"The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood."

a pair of mucous membrane folds in the larynx that help protect the airway and assist in sound modulation

"The vestibular fold protects the airway."

"The vestibular fold also called the false vocal cord helps close the airway during swallowing."

a small airway in the lungs that connects respiratory bronchioles to alveolar sacs, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli

"The alveolar duct leads to air sacs."

"The alveolar duct is a tiny passage that leads from a bronchiole to the alveolar sacs in the lungs."

a passage in the respiratory system that carries air from the trachea into the lungs

"The bronchial tube carries air through lungs."

"The bronchial tubes carry air from the trachea into the deeper parts of the lungs."

the front part of the body below the ribs that contains the stomach, intestines, etc.

"My belly is full."

"He rubbed his belly after the meal."

the small round hole in the front of a human stomach

"Her belly button is small."

"After birth, the umbilical cord detaches, leaving a belly button as a small scar."

the space that separates a woman's breasts

"Her dress showed cleavage."

"The actress chose a gown with a daring neckline that prominently displayed her cleavage."

the elevated or empty part in the middle of the stomach, made by cutting the umbilical cord just after birth

"Her navel was pierced."

"Her navel piercing became infected because she did not clean it properly after the procedure."

the swollen part of the neck, particularly in men, that moves upward and downward when talking or swallowing something

"His Adam's apple moved."

"The Adam's apple is easy to notice when he speaks."

either of the two fleshy rounded parts of the human body located at the lower end of the torso

"He sat on his buttock."

"The buttocks support the body when we sit."

the part of the body between the legs that includes the genitals

"The pants tore at crotch."

"The pants ripped at the crotch when he bent down to tie his shoelaces."

the central area of the human torso, typically encompassing the abdomen and waist region

"The midriff is the upper abdomen area."

"The midriff is the part of the body between the chest and the waist often exposed in cropped tops."

an arm or a leg of a person or any four-legged animal, or a wing of any bird

"He broke a limb."

"The doctor carefully examined the patient's injured limb to determine the extent of the fracture."

(anatomy) the outer layer of the skin that overlays the dermis

"The epidermis is the outer layer."

"The epidermis protects the body from the environment."

the layer of skin beneath the epidermis, containing blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue

"The dermis contains blood vessels nerves."

"The dermis layer of the skin contains blood vessels nerve endings and hair follicles deep beneath the surface."

the deepest layer of the skin that contains fat cells, blood vessels, and nerves

"The hypodermis stores fat tissue."

"The hypodermis is the deepest skin layer that stores fat and provides insulation."

a layer of the epidermis (outermost layer of the skin) composed of keratinocytes that play a role in the skin's barrier function and provide structural support to the skin

"The stratum spinosum provides skin strength."

"The stratum spinosum gets its name from the spiny appearance of its cells under a microscope."

a layer of the epidermis characterized by granular cells that produce keratin

"The stratum granulosum produces skin waterproofing."

"The stratum granulosum contains granules that help form the waterproof barrier of the skin."

a translucent layer of the epidermis found in thick skin regions of the body

"The stratum lucidum exists in thick skin."

"The stratum lucidum is a clear layer of skin found only on the palms and soles."

the outermost layer of the skin consisting of dead cells forming a protective barrier

"The stratum corneum is dead skin layer."

"The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of dead skin cells that constantly shed off."

the top layer of the skin's second layer (dermis) and contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue, contributing to the skin's structure and sensitivity to touch

"The papillary dermis supplies nutrients to epidermis."

"The papillary dermis has finger like projections that interlock with the epidermis above it."

the bottom layer of the skin's dermis that gives the skin strength, elasticity, and contains structures like sweat glands, hair follicles, and blood vessels

"The reticular dermis gives skin toughness."

"The reticular dermis contains thick collagen fibers that give the skin its strength and elasticity."

a small tubular structure that carries sweat from the sweat glands to the skin's surface

"The sweat duct carries sweat upward."

"The sweat duct carries sweat from the sweat gland up to the surface of the skin."

a type of skin cell that produces the protein keratin, which is an important component of the epidermis (outermost layer of the skin)

"Keratinocytes produce protective keratin protein."

"Keratinocytes produce the protein keratin which makes skin tough and waterproof."

a skin cell responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that determines skin, hair, and eye color

"Melanocytes produce skin pigment melanin."

"Melanocytes produce melanin pigment which protects skin from UV radiation and determines skin color."

a type of immune cell found in the skin's epidermis that plays a role in defending against foreign substances and pathogens, helping to regulate the immune response in the skin

"Langerhans cells fight skin infections."

"Langerhans cells are immune cells in the skin that help fight infections and alert the body."

a specialized cell found in the skin's epidermis that is involved in the perception of touch and pressure, serving as sensory receptors

"Merkel cells sense light touch."

"Merkel cells sense light touch and help you feel gentle pressure on your skin."

a small structure in the skin that produces and supports the growth of hair

"The hair follicle grows hair."

"Each hair grows from a tiny root structure called a hair follicle deep in the skin."

the layer of fat beneath the skin that provides insulation, cushioning, and energy storage in the body

"Subcutaneous fat insulates the body."

"Subcutaneous fat acts as insulation and padding to protect your internal organs from injury."

a layer of dead skin at the base of a fingernail or toenail

"The cuticle protects the nail root."

"The cuticle is the thin layer of dead skin that covers and protects the base of the nail."

a protective fold of skin that covers the glans of the penis in males or the clitoral hood in females

"The foreskin covers the penis head."

"The foreskin is a fold of skin that covers the head of the penis in uncircumcised males."

the skin under one's hair, covering the head

"The scalp is sensitive."

"He scratched his dry scalp because it was itchy from the cold winter weather and lack of moisture in the heated air."

the part in someone's face that is below the hair and above the eyes

"She wiped the sweat from her brow."

"He has a high brow that gives him an intelligent appearance according to many people."

any of the two soft sides of our face that are bellow our eyes

"She kissed him on the cheek."

"His cheeks turned pink in the cold wind."

a small hollow place in the flesh, especially one that forms in the cheeks when one smiles

"A dimple is a hollow."

"She has a cute dimple on her left cheek when she smiles happily every time."

the lowest part of our face that is below our mouth

"He rubbed his chin."

"The boxer took a hard punch to the chin but managed to stay on his feet and continue fighting until the final bell rang."

one of the two lines of hair that grow above one's eyes

"Her eyebrow lifted."

"He raised an eyebrow when he heard the news."

the part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hair

"The fever cooled his hot forehead."

"He wiped the sweat from his forehead after running hard in the hot summer sun."

a long thin jaw with a large chin

"A long lantern jaw."

"The old boxer had a strong lantern jaw that seemed to absorb punches without breaking."

the body part that is in the middle of our face and we use to smell and breathe

"He broke his nose."

"The dog has a black nose and long ears."

either of the two external openings of the nose that one breathes through

"The nostril is blocked."

"He breathed through his nostril carefully."

a bony structure inside the nasal cavity that helps filter, humidify, and regulate airflow

"The turbinate warms air."

"The superior and inferior turbinates within the nasal cavity increase the surface area for conditioning inhaled air."

a hollow space within the frontal bone of the skull that is filled with air

"The frontal sinus is in forehead."

"The frontal sinus is an air filled cavity located in the forehead bone behind the eyebrows."

a group of small, air-filled cavities located within the ethmoid bone of the skull

"The ethmoidal sinus sits between eyes."

"The ethmoidal sinus is a group of small air cells located between the eyes and the nose."

a paired cavity within the maxillary bone of the skull, responsible for producing mucus

"The maxillary sinus is behind cheekbones."

"The maxillary sinus is the largest sinus cavity located in the cheekbone area below the eyes."

an air-filled cavity in the skull that plays a role in the respiratory system and is located within the sphenoid bone

"The sphenoid sinus sits behind nose."

"The sphenoid sinus is a deep air cavity located behind the nose near the center of the skull."

the anatomical point where the frontal bone and nasal bones meet on the human skull

"The nasion is between the eyes."

"The nasion is the bony depression where the nasal bones meet the frontal bone between the eyes."

the most anterior point or tip of the nasal bridge

"The rhinion is the bridge tip."

"A plastic surgeon might make a small incision at the rhinion to reshape the tip of the nose."

the upper part of the nose, specifically the bony and cartilaginous area that forms the bridge of the nose

"The dorsum nasi is the bridge."

"A fracture to the dorsum nasi can result in a noticeable deformity of the nose's bridge."

a narrow passageway within the nasal cavity that helps to warm, humidify, and filter the inhaled air

"The nasal meatus filters air."

"The airflow is directed through the nasal meatus, allowing for efficient warming and humidification of the air we breathe."

a narrow passageway in the nasal cavity that aids in the drainage of the nasal passages

"The inferior meatus drains mucus."

"The lacrimal duct opens into the inferior meatus, allowing tears to drain from the eyes into the nasal cavity."

a part of the nasal cavity that helps with drainage and airflow in the nasal passages, located between the inferior and superior meatuses

"The middle meatus drains sinuses."

"The middle meatus is the nasal passage beneath the middle nasal concha where several sinuses drain."

a small area in the nasal cavity where the sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses meet and play a role in drainage and ventilation

"The sphenoethmoidal recess drains sphenoid sinus."

"The sphenoethmoidal recess is a small space in the nasal cavity where the sphenoid sinus drains."

a hollow space in the nose that serves as a passage for air, helps filter and humidify inhaled air, and houses the sense of smell

"The nasal cavity warms inhaled air."

"The nasal cavity is the large air filled space behind the nose that warms and filters inhaled air."

the outer, fleshy part of the nostril that helps regulate airflow and contributes to the shape of the nose

"The nasal ala forms the nostril side."

"The nasal ala is the fleshy curved part of the nostril that forms the outer side of the nose."

(anatomy) the inside upper side of the mouth that separates it from the nasal cavity

"The palate separates mouth from nose."

"The palate is the roof of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities."

a flexible muscular structure located at the back of the roof of the mouth

"The soft palate moves during swallowing."

"The soft palate is the muscular rear part of the roof of the mouth that moves during swallowing."

(anatomy) the soft fleshy part at the back of the soft palate that hangs just above the pharynx

"The uvula hangs at throat back."

"The uvula is the small fleshy teardrop shaped tissue that hangs down at the back of the throat."

the bony structure in the roof of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities

"The hard palate is bone."

"The hard palate forms the roof of the mouth, separating the oral and nasal cavities completely."

any of the temporary teeth in young children that falls out and is later replaced with a permanent one

"A baby tooth fell."

"Children lose their baby teeth gradually as permanent teeth push them out from underneath the gums."

(anatomy) any of the eight narrow-edged teeth at the front of the mouth that are used for biting

"The incisor is sharp."

"Incisors are used for cutting food."

a temporary tooth in young children that drops out and is later replaced with a permanent one

"The milk tooth fell out."

"Milk teeth are the first set of teeth that children develop which eventually fall out."

one of the large flat teeth at the back of the mouth used for grinding and crushing food

"Molars grind food into paste."

"Molars are large flat teeth at the back of the mouth that grind food into smaller pieces."

a tooth that is located between the canine and molar teeth

"The premolar is next."

"The dentist explained that the premolar is situated directly behind the canine tooth in the jaw."

a rounded ridge or prominence found on the lingual surface of anterior teeth near the cervical third

"The cingulum is a tooth ridge."

"The cingulum is a raised curved area on the tongue side of front teeth."

one of the things in our mouth that are hard and white and we use to chew and bite food with

"He lost a tooth."

"She accidentally cracked her tooth while biting into the hard candy at the party."

a tooth located between the canine and molar teeth

"The bicuspid is there."

"The bicuspid tooth plays a crucial role in chewing, located between the canine and molar teeth."

a hard, calcified tissue beneath the enamel and cementum of a tooth

"Dentin lies beneath tooth enamel."

"Dentin is the hard tissue beneath the enamel that makes up most of the tooth structure."

a dental procedure to remove infected or damaged pulp from a tooth's root canal system

"A root canal removes infected pulp."

"A root canal removes infected pulp from a tooth and seals it to prevent further infection."

the third and final set of molars that typically emerge in the back of the mouth during early adulthood

"Wisdom teeth often need removal."

"Wisdom teeth are the last molars that usually appear in young adults between seventeen and twenty five."

the hollow space in the mouth that includes the lips, teeth, tongue, gums, and the hard and soft palates

"The oral cavity is the mouth."

"The oral cavity is another name for the mouth which includes the teeth tongue gums and palate."