Monarchy: English Vocabulary List

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

"The aristocracy had power."

"The aristocracy ruled the country for many years."

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

"The Ming Dynasty ruled China for almost three hundred long years."

"A dynasty is a powerful succession of rulers from the same family line"

the period between the 14th and 16th centuries in Europe, marked by a rise of interest in Greek and Roman cultures, which is dominant in the art, philosophy, etc. of the times

"The Renaissance was a rebirth of art and classical learning."

"The European Renaissance marked a rebirth of classical art and learning."

an era in European history, between about AD 1000 and AD 1500, when the authority of kings, people of high rank, and the Christian Church was unquestionable

"Knights lived in Middle Ages."

"Castles and cathedrals are iconic architectural remnants from the period known as the Middle Ages."

a large and strong building that is protected against attacks, in which the royal family lives

"The castle is large."

"We visited the castle on the hill."

a structure or town that has been designed for military defense against enemy attacks

"The fortress is strong."

"Soldiers defended the fortress at the top of the mountain."

a protective metal clothing used by soldiers in the past in order not to be harmed or injured during battles

"The knight wore heavy metal armor."

"The knight wore heavy metal armor that protected his body from swords and arrows during battle on the open field."

the symbol of a nation, country, family, etc. that is usually printed on shields or flags

"The coat of arms is beautiful."

"The family coat of arms appeared on the shield."

a type of weapon consisting of a metal or wooden bar with a sharp head and feathers at the end

"The arrow flew fast."

"The archer shot an arrow at the target."

a type of weapon consisting of a long metal blade and a handle

"The sword is sharp."

"The soldier drew his sword from its leather scabbard and prepared to defend himself against the attacking enemy forces."

the class of people with the highest social or political ranks and titles

"Nobility was respected."

"The nobility lived in grand estates and enjoyed many privileges that were not available to the poorer classes of society."

a woman holding the rank of a count or earl

"The countess smiled."

"The countess lived in the castle and welcomed guests."

the title of a woman with the rank of a duke

"The duchess arrived late."

"The duchess wore a beautiful diamond necklace that had been passed down through her family for many generations."

a title used to address a king or queen with respect

"Her majesty spoke."

"They bowed to her majesty in the hall."

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

"The monarch signed the law."

"The monarch visited the capital."

a male royal heir or ruler, typically the son of a king or queen

"The prince smiled."

"The prince traveled to several countries to represent his father the king at important diplomatic meetings and cultural events."

a female member of a royal family, typically the daughter of a king or queen

"The princess waved."

"The princess founded a charity to help orphans and used her royal influence to raise millions of dollars for their education."

a man of high rank in various European countries, ranking just below a prince and above a count or earl

"The Duke arrived."

"The duke was the king's cousin and served as the royal advisor on matters of agriculture and trade throughout the kingdom."

the practice of owning and controlling people as property, denying them basic human rights and freedoms

"Slavery is cruel."

"Slavery was abolished in the United States in 1865 after a long and bloody civil war fought over the issue of human freedom."

to be the neighboring country or region next to another, sharing a line

"France borders Spain."

"The small country borders two larger nations and has a long coastline on the Mediterranean Sea."

to show a lot of respect for someone or something

"The ceremony will honor veterans."

"The ceremony was held to honor the firefighters who risked their lives to save others during the massive blaze."

a territory governed by an emperor or empress, under imperial authority

"The Roman Empire ruled for several centuries."

"The Roman Empire was a vast territory ruled by an emperor for centuries."

a round object often decorated with gems that kings or queens put on their heads as a symbol of power and authority

"The crown is golden."

"The king wore a crown during the ceremony."

a special design or sign that represents a nation, monarchy, etc.

"The emblem is official."

"The emblem stood for the city."

relating to the king or queen or belonging to the monarchy

"The family is royal."

"The royal family lives in the palace and attends official ceremonies and events for the country."

kings and queens and any member of their families

"The queen is royalty."

"Members of the British royalty are often expected to maintain a certain level of public decorum."

belonging to the highest social or political class

"He is noble."

"Historically, individuals from noble families held significant power and influence within the kingdom."

a noble title in European countries, ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

"The count visited his lands."

"The esteemed count was known throughout the region for his generosity and wisdom."

(in the Middle Ages) a man of high social rank, wearing armor and riding a horse, who is loyal to his king

"The knight wore a full suit of shining armor."

"The brave knight defended the kingdom from invading forces with his sword."

the male ruler of a territorial unit that has a royal family

"The king ruled the kingdom for forty years."

"The king ruled his kingdom for forty years and during his reign the country enjoyed peace and prosperity."

the female ruler of a territorial unit that has a royal family

"The queen wore a crown."

"The queen greeted the visitors kindly."

an area or territory that is governed by a king or queen

"The king ruled the kingdom."

"The ancient kingdom flourished for centuries under a long line of wise rulers."

a title given to a lord's wife

"The lady was kind."

"The lady of the manor supervised the household staff and made sure that everything ran smoothly during the lord's absence."

a man of high rank who belongs to the nobility

"The lord owned the land."

"The lord welcomed the guests to his estate."