Lesson 9A · New English File Upper Intermediate Vocabulary List

intended to give a wrong idea or make one believe something that is untrue

"The sign was misleading."

"The misleading advertisement promised amazing results but the product did not work as described at all."

any movie, picture, note, etc. designed to promote products or services to the public

"I saw an advertisement."

"The catchy advertisement for the new smartphone featured innovative technology and appealing visuals."

the name that a particular product or service is identified with

"This brand is popular."

"The shoe brand is very popular among teenagers because of its stylish designs and affordable prices for young shoppers."

actions or information that are meant to gain the support or attention of the public

"Bad publicity damaged company."

"The company received a lot of bad publicity after the scandal became public knowledge."

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

"The customer plans to sue the company."

"The customer plans to sue the company for negligence after suffering serious injuries from a defective product."

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

"Catchy slogan used."

"The company created a catchy slogan that everyone remembered during the advertising campaign."

a coordinated and strategic effort to promote a product, service, or brand using a series of advertisements or marketing messages over a period of time

"Campaign coordinates multiple ads."

"The advertising campaign included television commercials billboards social media posts and sponsored influencer content."

someone who buys and uses services or goods

"The consumer bought the product."

"Manufacturers must understand the evolving preferences of the modern consumer to remain competitive in the marketplace."

(of a business, shop, company, etc.) to no longer be open or operating, particularly permanently

"The factory closed down permanently."

"The local factory was forced to close down due to a lack of orders and increased competition from overseas."

to produce products in large quantities by using machinery

"The factory manufactures car parts."

"The factory was built to manufacture car parts for several major automotive companies around the world on a large scale."

a specific product that outsells the other products of its kind

"The company is the market leader in smartphones."

"The company is the market leader in smartphones and sells more devices than any competitor."

an agreement between two or more parties, typically involving the exchange of goods, services, or property

"This was a good deal."

"They made a deal that he would cook dinner every night if she agreed to do all the grocery shopping and clean the kitchen afterward."

the work that we do regularly to earn money

"He found a new job."

"She applied for twenty different jobs online before she finally received a phone call inviting her to come in for an interview at a small marketing firm."

the act of gathering information about what people need or buy the most and why

"Market research is useful."

"The company conducted market research to understand what features customers wanted in a new smartphone before they started designing the product."

to combine enjoyable activities with one's work

"I don't like to mix business with pleasure."

"I prefer not to mix business with pleasure so I do not date my colleagues at work."

a thing that has not been completed, discussed, or dealt with yet

"He has some unfinished business with his former partner."

"He has some unfinished business with his former partner and needs to settle their dispute once and for all."

to only concern oneself with one's own private matters and not to interfere in those of others

"Just mind your own business, please."

"I told him to mind his own business and stop interfering with my personal decisions."

used to tell someone that it is not necessary for them to know about something and that they should stop questioning about it

"That is none of your business."

"What I do in my free time is none of your business so please stop asking me about it."

to be very serious about fulfilling one's intentions

"She really means business today."

"When the manager arrived with a strict deadline, everyone in the office knew she meant business."

to start focusing on and engaging in a task or activity in a serious or determined manner

"Get down to business now."

"After the introductions were finished the committee finally got down to discussing the serious issues on the agenda."

to cease to exist as a functional company or business due to financial challenges or difficulties

"The restaurant went out of business."

"The family bakery went out of business after a large supermarket opened nearby."

to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

"He claims he is innocent."

"The politician made a bold claim about economic growth without providing any supporting evidence."

the activity of providing services or products in exchange for money

"His business is doing very well."

"Starting a small business requires careful planning enough capital and a lot of hard work."

to start or grow to be

"She wants to become a teacher."

"He wants to become a pilot when he grows up and fly airplanes all over the world."

to let or make something fall to the ground

"Do not drop it."

"Be careful not to drop the fragile vase when you are moving it across the room."

to become greater in size, amount, number, or quality

"Plants need water to grow."

"The small startup began to grow rapidly after receiving significant investment from several venture capital firms."

to become something greater in quantity, importance, or size

"The business will expand."

"The company plans to expand its operations into international markets next year."

to send goods or services to a foreign country for sale or trade

"Countries export goods to other nations."

"The country exports most of its agricultural products to neighboring nations for profit."

to buy goods from a foreign country and bring them to one's own

"Companies import coffee from Brazil."

"Japan must import a large amount of oil because it has very few natural resources."

to start an organized activity or operation

"We launch the new product."

"The company plans to launch a groundbreaking marketing campaign next quarter."

a public place where people buy and sell groceries

"There's a fresh farmers' market every Sunday."

"We went to the local market to buy fresh fruits and vegetables."

to combine and create one whole

"The two companies merge into one giant corporation."

"The two companies agreed to merge their operations to create a larger and more competitive organization in the market."

to make something using raw materials or different components

"The factory produces car parts."

"The factory produces thousands of car parts every day which are then shipped to assembly plants around the country."

to establish a fresh entity, such as a company, system, or organization

"Set up the tent carefully."

"They plan to set up a small charity to help homeless people find shelter and food."

to begin to be in charge of something, often previously managed by someone else

"She will take over."

"The new CEO is expected to take over the company's operations next month."

recently invented, made, etc.

"I need a new phone."

"The new smartphone had a better camera and a longer battery life than his old one which was three years old and very slow."

something that is created or grown for sale

"This product is very good."

"The company invested heavily in research and development to create a groundbreaking new product for the market."

to move in a loose, uncontrolled, or erratic manner

"The fish flopped on the deck."

"The exhausted swimmer climbed out of the pool and flopped down onto a lounge chair to rest his tired muscles for a while."

a person in a leadership or authority position within a specific organization or group

"She is the head of the team."

"The head of the department will announce the new policies tomorrow morning."

a place where people work, particularly behind a desk

"The office is on the first floor."

"Her office is located on the fifteenth floor with a magnificent view of the river and the old bridge that was built in the nineteenth century."

a store, office, etc. that belongs to a larger business, organization, etc. and is representing it in a certain area

"This is a new branch."

"The bank opened a new branch in the bustling city center."

a time of great economic growth

"The boom continues fast"

"The economic boom continues fast with rising investments and growing consumer confidence"

to perform an action that is not mentioned by name

"Do the dishes now."

"What do you want to do this weekend because I am free on both Saturday and Sunday."

to form, produce, or prepare something, by putting parts together or by combining materials

"She makes delicious cakes."

"My grandmother makes the best chocolate chip cookies I have ever tasted in my entire life."

a choice or judgment that is made after adequate consideration or thought

"It was a hard decision."

"After much deliberation, the committee reached a final decision on the matter."

the act or process of no longer having someone or something

"The loss was sad."

"The sudden loss of her best friend left her in a state of profound grief."

surpassing what is needed or required, and so, no longer of use

"The word is redundant."

"The redundant phrase 'free gift' is unnecessary because gifts are already free."

in a way that is right or satisfactory

"You did well."

"She handled the difficult situation very well, maintaining her composure throughout the ordeal."

in a way that is not satisfactory, acceptable, or successful

"He played badly."

"The team performed badly in the championship game, making numerous unforced errors."

used to say that it does not matter which individual or amount from a group is chosen or referred to

"Do you have any questions?"

"Do you have any questions before we start the meeting and begin the presentation?"

being the one that is different, extra, or not included

"Do you have other sizes?"

"The other car parked too close to hers and she could not open her driver side door without hitting the door of the adjacent vehicle."