Nature and Natural Disasters: English Vocabulary List

the land close to a sea, ocean, or lake

"The coast is very beautiful."

"We enjoyed a leisurely drive along the scenic coast, stopping frequently to admire the ocean views."

a naturally raised area of land that is higher than the land around it, often with a round shape

"The hill is small."

"We walked up the steep hill to enjoy a beautiful view of the countryside below us."

a low area of land between mountains or hills, often with a river flowing through it

"The valley is beautiful."

"The small village was located in a peaceful valley surrounded by tall mountains and a gentle river."

a large area of water, surrounded by land

"Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes."

"Crater Lake in Oregon was formed when a massive volcanic eruption caused the peak of a volcano to collapse in on itself"

the great mass of salt water that covers most of the earth's surface

"The ocean covers most of the Earth's surface."

"The abyssal plain lies deep beneath the ocean floor, far from any sunlight."

‌a thick, tropical forest with tall trees and consistently heavy rainfall

"The Amazon rainforest is a vital global resource."

"The canopy layer of a tropical rainforest is a teeming"

the rising of a body of water that covers dry places and causes damage

"The flood covered the village."

"The heavy rain caused a dangerous flash flood that swept away cars and forced many families to leave their homes in a hurry."

the sudden movement and shaking of the earth's surface, usually causing damage

"The earthquake shook the city."

"Following the devastating earthquake, rescue efforts were immediately mobilized."

a very strong and destructive wind that moves in circles, often seen in the Caribbean

"The hurricane destroyed many houses."

"Residents were advised to evacuate their homes ahead of the approaching hurricane."

large amounts of snow falling from mountains

"The avalanche swept down the mountain"

"The avalanche buried the village under several meters of snow."

a long period of time when there is not much raining

"The drought killed all the crops."

"A drought is a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall"

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

"Climate change affects everyone."

"Scientists warn that climate change is becoming more serious."

a large, dry area of land with very few plants, typically one covered with sand

"The largest hot desert on Earth is the Sahara."

"The Sahara desert is a vast, arid region with extreme temperatures and very little vegetation."

the planet earth, where we all live

"The world is changing quickly."

"The world became much smaller after the invention of the internet because people can now communicate instantly across continents."

the natural world around us where people, animals, and plants live

"We must protect the environment."

"The environment is cleaner when people reduce waste and pollution."

a living thing that grows in ground or water, usually has leaves, stems, flowers, etc.

"The plant needs more water."

"She waters her indoor plants every week and makes sure they get enough sunlight to grow healthy and strong."

the surface layer of earth that is solid and people walk on

"The ground was wet after rain."

"Children were playing on the ground near the playground."

a piece of land in the country, especially one where crops are grown or animals are kept, typically surrounded by a fence, etc.

"Look at the field."

"The farmer surveyed the vast green field, anticipating a bountiful harvest this season."

an area of scenery visible in a single view

"The landscape looked beautiful in spring."

"We admired the landscape from the top of the hill."

a place or an area that can be seen, and is usually beautiful

"The view from the hotel was amazing."

"We had a clear view of the mountains from our room."

a plant with thin, short, and green upright leaves, commonly found in gardens, parks, etc.

"The grass is very green."

"The green grass in the park was soft and perfect for lying down and reading a book on a sunny afternoon."

a solid material forming part of the earth's surface, often made of one or more minerals

"He threw a rock into the lake."

"The geologist carefully examined the layers of the ancient rock to determine its age and mineral composition."

the hard material that the trunk and branches of a tree or shrub are made of, used for fuel or timber

"The fire needs wood."

"He carefully stacked the dry wood by the fireplace, ready for the cold winter nights ahead."

a particular part or region of a city, country, or the world

"This area is known for its beautiful beaches."

"The downtown area is crowded with shops and restaurants but the residential neighborhoods are quiet and peaceful."

a way or track that is built or made by people walking over the same ground

"The path is narrow."

"The narrow dirt path through the forest led us to a beautiful waterfall hidden among the tall green trees."

originating from or created by nature, not made or caused by humans

"The color is natural."

"The natural light in the room made it feel warm and inviting without the need for any lamps or overhead lighting fixtures."

a sudden and unfortunate event that causes a great amount of death and destruction

"The flood was a big disaster."

"The oil spill was an environmental disaster that killed thousands of sea animals and polluted the beautiful beaches along the coast."

a strong and dangerous type of wind, which is formed like a turning cone, usually causing damage

"The tornado destroyed several houses."

"A powerful tornado swept through the small town last night."

to come into existence by chance or as a consequence

"Accidents happen unexpectedly."

"What will happen if I miss the deadline for submitting my application to the scholarship program."

very serious and harmful

"It was terrible."

"The accident caused terrible damage to both vehicles, thankfully no one was seriously injured."

the direction midway between north and east

"The northeast is colder than the south."

"They traveled northeast to reach the lake."

the direction midway between north and west

"The northwest has many forests."

"The northwest part of the state has many mountains and forests that are popular destinations for hiking and camping."

the direction midway between south and east

"The southeast is warm and humid."

"The southeast region of the country is known for its warm weather and beautiful sandy beaches along the Atlantic coast."

the direction midway between south and west

"The southwest is dry and hot."

"The travelers headed southwest after sunrise."

a raised body of water that moves along the surface of a sea, river, lake, etc.

"The wave was big."

"We watched the powerful wave crash against the rocky shoreline during the storm."