Clause Connectors: English Vocabulary List

used to indicate that despite a previous statement or situation, something else remains true

"The task is hard nonetheless we will try."

"The task is hard nonetheless we will try our best to complete it before the deadline."

used to indicate that despite a certain fact or situation mentioned in the first clause, the second clause follows

"Even though it rained we went out."

"Even though he was tired he stayed up late to finish his work."

in replacement of something that is typically expected or required

"He gave milk in lieu of cream."

"He received a cash payment in lieu of vacation days because he could not take time off."

used to introduce statement that is in contrast to what one previously stated

"That said, I still think you are right."

"The hotel room was very small that said it was clean and the bed was comfortable."

at the starting point of a major development or change

"The company is on the cusp of success."

"The company is on the cusp of a major breakthrough that will change the industry."

used to introduce a comparison between two or more things, highlighting differences or disparities between them

"In contrast, she is calm."

"By contrast, the new model is much more efficient than the old one."

used to indicate that something follows as a result or outcome of a preceding event or action

"As a consequence the school closed early."

"As a consequence the school closed early and the students were sent home because of the dangerous weather conditions."

used to introduce the second point, reason, step, etc.

"Secondly we need to buy food."

"Secondly we need to buy food and drinks for the party before we can start decorating the room."

used to introduce extra information or points

"Additionally bring your passport."

"Additionally you will need to bring your passport and a copy of your visa application to the interview."

used to provide a specific situation or instance that helps to clarify or explain a point being made

"We need tools, for example hammers."

"You should eat more fruit for example apples or bananas every single day."

in a manner that is gradually growing in degree, extent, or frequency over time

"The weather is increasingly getting warmer."

"The weather is increasingly getting warmer each year due to climate change caused by human activities."

used to indicate how something is achieved or the result of an action

"He passed the exam thereby proving his skills."

"He passed the exam thereby proving his skills and earning the respect of his teachers and classmates."

as a second choice or another possibility

"Alternatively you can take the train."

"Alternatively you can take the train instead of driving if you do not want to deal with traffic and parking."

used to provide a brief and straightforward explanation of the main points or ideas

"In summary the project was successful."

"In summary the project was successful because the team worked well together and met all of their deadlines."

in a sequential manner, referring to actions or events occurring in a specific order

"He helped me and I in turn helped him."

"He helped me and I in turn helped him so we both benefited from our cooperation and teamwork."

with no attention to the thing mentioned

"I will go regardless."

"She decided to pursue her dream career regardless of the financial risks involved in starting her own business."