Unit 10 · Interchange Upper Intermediate Vocabulary List

an interest, activity, or style that becomes popular for a short time and is followed with exaggerated enthusiasm

"The toy was a short-lived fad."

"The toy was a short lived fad and children stopped playing with it after a few months."

a temporary enthusiasm or infatuation for a particular thing or activity

"The dance craze swept the nation."

"The latest fitness craze involved high intensity interval training and cold water immersion."

knowledge or understanding of a specific situation, fact, or issue

"The campaign raised awareness about climate change."

"The charity campaign raised awareness about hunger by organizing food drives in local neighborhoods."

an accessory that is worn around the wrist, often for decoration, identification, or to support a cause or event

"The concert gave him a wrist band."

"The concert gave him a wrist band and he had to show it to security before entering the venue."

used to express that something happens continuously from the beginning to the end of a period of time

"He slept during the movie."

"During the summer vacation we traveled to Italy and visited many beautiful cities."

the sudden movement and shaking of the earth's surface, usually causing damage

"The earthquake shook the city."

"Following the devastating earthquake, rescue efforts were immediately mobilized."

the fact or state of existing or being objectively real

"The existence of life on other planets is debated."

"The existence of extraterrestrial life remained unproven despite decades of searching the cosmos."

to enter a territory using armed forces in order to occupy or take control of it

"The army invaded the neighboring country."

"The dictator made the terrible decision to invade the neighboring country in order to gain access to its rich oil fields and ports."

the story of someone's life that is written by another person

"I read a biography of Abraham Lincoln."

"An authorized biography is written with the cooperation and approval of its subject"

to not stop something, such as a task or activity, and keep doing it

"They continue working until they finish."

"Despite the heavy rain the determined hikers decided to continue their journey up the mountain trail because they had already come so far."

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

"Stealing is a serious crime."

"The police are investigating a serious crime that happened downtown last night."

an artist who practices futurism, regarding modern advancements and technologies positively

"The futurist predicted AI dominance."

"The futurist predicted AI dominance and foresaw robots replacing many human jobs."

the study of future possibilities and potential developments in science, technology, society, and other areas of human endeavor

"Futurology tries to predict future trends."

"Futurology tries to predict future trends and experts use data and models to forecast social changes."

all that exists in the physical world, such as space, planets, galaxies, etc.

"The universe is very big."

"Scientists believe the universe is constantly expanding and contains billions of galaxies that we have not yet discovered."

to stop or pause a process, activity, etc. temporarily

"Do not interrupt when others speak."

"It is considered extremely rude to interrupt someone while they are speaking so please wait until they have finished their sentence completely first."

the creation of theories or opinions about something with no fact or proof

"Wild speculation about the future."

"There was widespread speculation about the cause of the fire but investigators had not yet determined whether it was an accident or arson."

to insert a living tissue or an artificial object into the body via medical procedure

"Doctors implant a pacemaker in his chest."

"The surgeon will implant an artificial hip joint to replace the patient's damaged and painful one."

to cause a person, animal, or part of the body to lose the ability to move or function, usually due to injury or illness

"The accident paralyzed him from the waist down."

"The rare disease threatened to paralyze his legs and confine him to a wheelchair for the rest of his life."

to a significantly large extent or by a considerable amount

"His health improved dramatically."

"His health improved dramatically after the treatment and he was able to return to work within a few weeks."

a modern building that is very tall, often built in a city

"The skyscraper is tall."

"The skyscraper dominates the city skyline."

related to the sun

"This is a solar panel."

"The solar panels on the roof generate enough electricity to power the entire house every day."

the typical weather conditions of a particular region

"Climate change is the gravest threat facing humanity."

"The tropical climate of the island is warm and humid year-round."

a treatment or medication for a certain disease or injury

"The doctors found a cure."

"Scientists are working diligently to find a cure for the devastating illness that affects so many people."

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

"The epidemic spread very fast."

"The government implemented strict quarantine measures to control the epidemic before it reached neighboring countries."

a situation or subject that needs to be dealt with or considered

"This is important matter."

"The urgent matter of the budget deficit requires immediate attention from the government officials before it becomes unmanageable."

a fashion or style that is popular at a particular time

"That is the current trend."

"The latest fashion trend involves wearing vibrant colors and bold accessories."

(of a place, object, etc.) generated through the use of software

"We had a virtual meeting."

"The virtual meeting was held on Zoom because many employees were working from home during the pandemic."

a physical perception caused by an outside stimulus or something being in touch with the body

"Touch creates a sensation."

"The burning sensation in his chest was caused by acid reflux not a heart attack as the doctor confirmed after running some tests."

a fully grown man or woman

"This movie is intended for an adult audience."

"This movie is intended for an adult audience and contains scenes of violence and strong language."

to obtain something through one's own actions or hard work

"Gain victory."

"Through diligent practice and unwavering determination, the athlete was able to gain a significant advantage."

to decrease the amount of pain, stress, etc.

"The drug will relieve your symptoms."

"Taking a hot bath can help relieve muscle tension and reduce stress after a long day at work."

used to express a period from a specific past time up to now or another specified point

"Since you are here help me."

"Since you are here we can start the meeting a few minutes early."

used to indicate a time duration

"I waited for an hour."

"We have been working diligently for the past three hours to meet the project's demanding timeline."

used for showing the place where a person or thing comes from

"I am from Turkey."

"The store is open from nine in the morning until nine at night every day."

relating to a person or event that is a part of the past and is documented in historical records, often preserved for educational or cultural purposes

"The building is historic."

"The historic building was built in eighteen ninety and it is now protected as a national landmark by the government."

to create a company or organization with the intention of running it over the long term

"They establish a new charity."

"The organization was established more than fifty years ago to help homeless people find shelter and food."

relating to an ideology or political system advocating for the collective ownership of property and the absence of social classes

"A communist manifesto was read."

"The communist party controlled the government and owned all the factories farms and businesses in the country."

to show or say that something is the case, particularly by providing proof

"Please confirm your reservation online."

"Please confirm your attendance at the conference by replying to this email before the deadline next Friday."

the leader of a country that has no king or queen

"The president gave a speech."

"The president addressed the nation regarding the economic challenges facing the country."

an influence or effect that something has on a person, situation, or thing

"Climate change has serious global impact today"

"The new policy had a positive impact on the economy."

to experience and be affected by something bad or unpleasant

"Many people suffer from allergies."

"Many people suffer from allergies during spring because of the high pollen levels in the air."

to act violently against someone or something to try to harm them

"The dog will attack."

"The enemy decided to attack the city unexpectedly during the early morning hours."

an activity that we enjoy doing in our free time

"Reading is my favorite hobby."

"Gardening became a relaxing hobby for him after he retired from his stressful job."

doing an activity as a job and not just for fun

"He is professional."

"She decided to pursue a professional career in medicine after volunteering at the local hospital."

the act of saying what one thinks is going to happen in the future or what the outcome of something will be

"The prediction was correct."

"Based on current trends, the prediction for economic growth is quite optimistic."

one of the things that affects something or contributes to it

"Money is one factor."

"Climate change is an important factor that affects the migration patterns of birds across different continents."

several and of different types or kinds

"We have various options."

"There are various ways to cook eggs including boiling frying scrambling and poaching each with a different texture and flavor."

feeling completely sure about something and showing that you believe it

"I am certain."

"I am certain that I locked the door before leaving because I checked it twice."

to need or demand something as necessary for a particular purpose or situation

"This job requires five years experience."

"This job requires at least five years of experience in a similar role as well as excellent communication skills."

a person, building, or area marked to be attacked

"The target was clear."

"Intelligence confirmed that the enemy's primary target was the communication infrastructure within the city."

possessing great strength or force

"The engine is powerful."

"The powerful storm caused widespread damage, leaving many without electricity for several days."

the ability to see thing through the eyes

"He has good vision."

"Despite his age, the elderly man maintained excellent vision, allowing him to read without glasses."

the place where someone or something is headed

"Our destination is Paris."

"They arrived at their destination late at night after a long drive."

connected to the parts of the DNA in cells, called genes, that determine hereditary traits

"The disease is genetic."

"The genetic disease is inherited from parents and scientists are working to develop treatments that can correct the faulty genes."

a disagreement or argument over something important

"The conflict grew."

"The ongoing conflict between the neighbors escalated over property boundaries."

the state of being sure about something, usually when there is proof

"There is no certainty in life."

"He spoke with absolute certainty about the outcome but later events proved that his confident prediction was completely wrong."

originating from or created by nature, not made or caused by humans

"The color is natural."

"The natural light in the room made it feel warm and inviting without the need for any lamps or overhead lighting fixtures."

a sudden and unfortunate event that causes a great amount of death and destruction

"The flood was a big disaster."

"The oil spill was an environmental disaster that killed thousands of sea animals and polluted the beautiful beaches along the coast."

to cause something to change

"Do not alter the original document."

"The new medication may alter your sleep patterns so take it in the morning rather than at night."