Unit 4 - 4B · Face2Face Advanced Vocabulary List

the species of human beings, characterized by advanced cognitive abilities and the capacity for language, abstract thought, and culture

"Homo sapiens is the species of modern humans."

"Homo sapiens first appeared in Africa around three hundred thousand years ago."

individuals of the human race

"Human beings are capable of complex thought."

"Human beings have developed complex societies and advanced technologies throughout history."

a very small town located in the countryside

"The village is small."

"The small village had only one school and one grocery store but the residents were friendly and always willing to help their neighbors in need."

related to or characteristic of the countryside

"They live in a rural area."

"The rural area had no traffic lights or crowded malls and the nearest grocery store was a thirty minute drive along winding country roads."

a person or animal that resides in a particular place

"The island's only inhabitant is a hermit."

"The local inhabitant knew all the hidden beautiful places in the small town."

people who live in the countryside, especially those with a simple, traditional lifestyle

"The countryfolk are friendly and helpful."

"The countryfolk were suspicious of city dwellers who moved to their village for a quieter life."

a person who lives in a village, especially a small rural settlement

"The villager knows everyone in the town."

"Every villager attended the town hall meeting to vote on the proposed development project."

the vertical distance or height between the springing point and the highest point of the arch

"The arch's rise is very steep."

"The rise of an arch is the vertical distance from the springing line to the underside of the crown."

a rise in something's amount, degree, size, etc.

"The company plans an increase in production."

"The increase in traffic accidents prompted the city to lower the speed limit on dangerous roads."

someone who happens to be walking past a particular person, place, or event

"A passer-by stopped to help."

"A kind passer-by helped the old woman carry her heavy bags across the street."

to look at someone or something without blinking or moving the eyes

"She gazed at the beautiful sunset."

"The young couple sat on the park bench and began to gaze at the stars that were twinkling brightly in the clear night sky."

to reach a point where all movement, progress, or activity stops entirely

"Traffic came to a standstill."

"The traffic came to a complete standstill after a serious accident blocked all three lanes of the highway."

causing intense frustration or irritation due to repeated annoyance or difficulty

"The delay is exasperating."

"The exasperating delay at the airport made the passengers miss their connecting flights and lose their luggage."

in a way that is quick and unexpected

"Suddenly the lights went out."

"Suddenly the lights went out and we were left in complete darkness not knowing what had happened."

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth; humanity or humankind

"All man should care."

"The scientific community strives to understand the complex behaviors that define modern man."

an area where a group of families or people live together, often in a newly established community

"This is a settlement."

"The archaeological team uncovered evidence of an ancient settlement near the riverbank."

the action or process of making something better

"This is an improvement."

"The recent improvement in sales figures indicates a positive trend for the business."

a process or state in which something becomes more advanced, stronger, etc.

"This is a development."

"The rapid development of renewable energy technologies is crucial for combating climate change."

an increase in the amount, degree, importance, or size of something

"The plant showed rapid growth."

"The rapid growth of the city has led to many new housing developments."

describing the physical setting, culture, or lifestyle typically found in cities

"It is an urban area."

"The vibrant urban landscape offers a wealth of cultural experiences and diverse economic opportunities."

a means of transportation used to carry people or goods from one place to another, typically on roads or tracks

"The vehicle stopped."

"The electric vehicle can travel over four hundred kilometers on a single charge making it practical for long distance driving without frequent stops for recharging."

to let someone or something do a particular thing

"Parents allow children to play."

"The new law will allow citizens to vote by mail if they cannot physically reach the polling stations on election day."