Lesson 7A · New English File Intermediate Vocabulary List

the scientific study of the physical features of the Earth and its atmosphere, divisions, products, population, etc.

"Geography involves studying maps and places."

"Human geography explores the complex relationship between people and their environments."

a field of science that deals with the use or study of electronic devices and processes in which data is stored, created, modified, etc.

"Information technology changes fast."

"The information technology department is responsible for maintaining the company's computer network and fixing technical problems."

the study of numbers and shapes that involves calculation and description

"Mathematics is difficult."

"Mathematics is not just about numbers it teaches logical thinking and problem solving skills that are useful in many everyday situations beyond the classroom."

the scientific study of matter and energy and the relationships between them, including the study of natural forces such as light, heat, and movement

"I study physics at school."

"She decided to study physics at university because she was fascinated by how the universe works."

a school where students live and study during the school year

"The boy was sent to boarding school at age twelve."

"She was sent to a strict boarding school when she was twelve and only came home during holidays."

a place where young children, typically infants and toddlers, are cared for during the day while their parents are at work or otherwise occupied

"The nursery school accepts children aged three to four."

"The nursery school accepts children aged three to four and focuses on social skills through play."

the process that involves teaching and learning, particularly at a school, university, or college

"Education is important."

"Access to quality education is one of the most important factors determining a person future success and earning potential in modern society."

the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms

"Biology is the study of living things."

"Marine biology reveals the astonishing biodiversity hidden beneath the ocean's surface."

the branch of science that is concerned with studying the structure of substances and the way that they change or combine with each other

"Chemistry is very interesting."

"The chemistry lab experiment demonstrated how different elements react when mixed together under specific conditions."

a school that receives money from the parents of the students instead of the government

"The private school has smaller class sizes."

"The private school charges high tuition fees but offers smaller class sizes and better facilities."

a school that provides free education due to being funded by the government

"State school follows the national curriculum."

"State school follows the national curriculum and is accountable to the local education authority."

a class or school that prepares four-year-old to six-year-old children for elementary school

"The kindergarten is colorful."

"My little sister started kindergarten this year and already loves her teacher and classmates."

the school for young children, usually between the age of 5 to 11 in the UK

"Primary school teaches basic reading and math."

"Primary school teaches basic reading and math and students stay with the same teacher for most subjects."

a primary school for the first six or eight grades

"Elementary school goes from kindergarten to fifth grade."

"Elementary school goes from kindergarten to fifth grade and each student has one main classroom teacher."

the school for young people, usually between the ages of 11 to 16 or 18 in the UK

"Secondary school ends with a leaving certificate."

"Secondary school ends with a leaving certificate and students specialize in certain subjects for their final exams."

a secondary school typically including grades 9 through 12

"High school students drive themselves to school."

"High school students drive themselves to school and choose elective courses based on their career interests."

a person who is studying at a school, university, or college

"The student asked a question."

"The student stayed after class to ask the teacher for extra help with the difficult math problems that she did not understand during the lesson."

a letter or number given by a teacher to show how a student is performing in class, school, etc.

"She received a high grade on the test."

"Achieving a passing grade requires diligent effort and consistent attendance."

each of the two periods into which a year at schools or universities is divided

"The new semester starts in September."

"I plan to study abroad for the entire fall semester on a university exchange."

to force someone to leave a place, organization, etc.

"The school expelled the rebellious student."

"The school board voted to expel the student permanently for bringing dangerous items onto the school property without permission."

to cause someone suffering for breaking the law or having done something they should not have

"Parents must punish bad behavior appropriately."

"Parents should punish their children appropriately when they misbehave but physical violence is never an acceptable response."

the study of past events, especially as a subject in school or university

"History is my favorite subject."

"We studied the history of our country."

written works that are valued as works of art, such as novels, plays and poems

"She is studying English literature at university."

"She enjoys reading classic literature, especially novels and poetry."

the certificate that is given to university or college students upon successful completion of their course

"She earned a degree in engineering."

"A master's degree is often a prerequisite for advanced positions in the field."

the person in charge of running a school

"She is the head."

"The head of the department is responsible for overseeing all academic activities and faculty management."

someone who is receiving education, particularly a schoolchild

"The pupil listened carefully."

"The pupil raised her hand eagerly to answer every question demonstrating that she had studied hard and understood the lesson better than her classmates."

one of the three periods in the academic year during which multiple classes are held in schools, universities, etc.

"This term is short."

"Students often find the autumn term to be the most challenging due to the heavy workload."

a university in which students can study up to a bachelor's degree after graduation from school

"He attends college."

"After completing high school, she plans to attend a prestigious college to study computer science."

to let someone or something do a particular thing

"Parents allow children to play."

"The new law will allow citizens to vote by mail if they cannot physically reach the polling stations on election day."

to win or gain an advantage in a game, competition, etc. by breaking rules or acting unfairly

"You cannot cheat in chess."

"It is unethical for competitors to cheat by using performance-enhancing substances."