Lesson 5B · New English File Pre Intermediate Vocabulary List

a large and strong building that is protected against attacks, in which the royal family lives

"The castle is large."

"We visited the castle on the hill."

the largest and most important church of a specific area, which is controlled by a bishop

"Notre Dame is the famous cathedral in the heart of Paris."

"The cathedral in our city was built in the thirteenth century and attracts many tourists."

a larger and more populated town

"The city is very crowded."

"The city installed new bike lanes on several main streets to encourage more people to cycle to work instead of driving their cars every morning."

an area with human population that is smaller than a city and larger than a village

"The town is quiet."

"We visited a small town during our holiday."

the land close to a sea, ocean, or lake

"The coast is very beautiful."

"We enjoyed a leisurely drive along the scenic coast, stopping frequently to admire the ocean views."

having a size that is not small or big

"The dog is medium-sized."

"The medium-sized dog was perfect for their apartment because it did not need too much space to run around."

making us feel tired and unsatisfied because of not being interesting

"The lecture is boring."

"The boring lecture lasted for three hours and half of the students fell asleep in their chairs."

(of a space) filled with things or people

"The train is crowded."

"The crowded train made it difficult to find a seat and many passengers had to stand for the entire journey."

producing or having a lot of loud and unwanted sound

"The city is noisy."

"The noisy construction work outside made it impossible for her to concentrate on her online class assignments."

containing harmful or dirty substances

"The air is polluted."

"The polluted river killed many fish and made the surrounding land unsafe for farming."

making us feel interested, happy, and energetic

"The trip was exciting."

"The exciting basketball game went into overtime and the home team won with a three point shot as the buzzer sounded at the end."

catching and keeping our attention because of being unusual, exciting, etc.

"The book is interesting."

"The interesting documentary about space exploration showed never before seen footage of astronauts walking on the moon and repairing satellites in orbit around the earth."

a large store, divided into several parts, each selling different types of goods

"The department store has a restaurant on the top floor."

"The department store has a restaurant on the top floor and sells everything from clothes to furniture."

a sheltered area of water along the coast where ships, boats, and other vessels can anchor safely, typically protected from rough seas by natural or artificial barriers

"The harbor is busy."

"The fishing boats returned to the harbor at sunset unloading their catch of cod and haddock onto the docks where buyers were already waiting."

a naturally raised area of land that is higher than the land around it, often with a round shape

"The hill is small."

"We walked up the steep hill to enjoy a beautiful view of the countryside below us."

a large area of water, surrounded by land

"Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes."

"Crater Lake in Oregon was formed when a massive volcanic eruption caused the peak of a volcano to collapse in on itself"

a place of worship, used by Muslims

"Muslims pray at mosque."

"During their pilgrimage, they visited a magnificent mosque that served as a central hub for prayer and community."

a place where important cultural, artistic, historical, or scientific objects are kept and shown to the public

"The museum has ancient statues."

"We spent the afternoon in the museum."

(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

"The ruin was ancient."

"The ancient ruin attracts thousands of tourists every year who marvel at its crumbling stone walls."

an area of stores or a group of stores built together in one area

"The shopping center is huge."

"The new shopping center includes a cinema a gym and several restaurants in addition to regular stores."

‌a large building or enclosed area that consists of a group of shops

"The new shopping mall has over 200 stores."

"The new shopping mall has over two hundred stores and a large food court on the third floor."

a large object created to look like a person or animal from hard materials such as stone, metal, or wood

"The statue is tall."

"Tourists took photos of the statue in the square."

a place of worship and religious study for Jews

"The Jewish family went to the synagogue."

"A synagogue is a consecrated Jewish house of worship"

a building in which the officials of a town work

"The town hall was busy."

"We met at the town hall to discuss the local project."

a structure that has walls, a roof, and sometimes many levels, like an apartment, house, school, etc.

"The building is tall."

"The office building downtown has twenty floors and a nice cafeteria on the ground level for employees to use during their lunch breaks."

a building where Christians go to worship and practice their religion

"They go to church every Sunday."

"The old stone church at the end of the street has stood there for over two hundred years."

located or positioned toward the northern direction

"The wind is north."

"The north wind brought cold air from the arctic and the temperature dropped below freezing overnight."

located toward the southern direction

"The door faces south."

"The south side of the mountain gets more sunlight than the north side so the snow melts faster there."

located in or coming from the east

"The sun rises east."

"The sun rises in the east every morning and sets in the west every evening without fail."

the direction toward which the sun goes down, which is on the left side of a person facing north

"The west has beautiful sunsets."

"They drove west for three hours."

below average in physical size

"The mouse is small."

"The small coffee shop on the corner serves the best espresso in the entire neighborhood according to local residents."

above average in amount or size

"The elephant is large."

"The new apartment is large enough to host a party for all of our friends and family this weekend."

capable of destroying or causing harm to a person or thing

"The snake is dangerous."

"The dangerous intersection had seen many accidents over the years so the city finally installed a traffic light and speed bumps to slow down cars."

related to the most recent time or to the present time

"The building is modern."

"The modern house had large windows and an open floor plan which made the living room kitchen and dining area feel spacious and bright."

not having any bacteria, marks, or dirt

"The kitchen is clean."

"The clean kitchen sparkled after she spent two hours scrubbing every surface and organizing the cabinets and drawers."

with no one or nothing inside

"The room is empty."

"The once bustling theater was now completely empty, with only dust motes dancing in the faint shafts of sunlight."

having great importance or effect in history

"This is a historic building."

"The discovery of penicillin was a historic event that revolutionized medicine worldwide."

with little or no noise

"The library is quiet."

"The quiet library was the perfect place for her to study for the difficult medical school entrance exam."

protected from any danger

"The neighborhood is safe."

"The safe neighborhood had very little crime and families felt comfortable letting their children play outside until dark without worrying about their safety."

a structure built over a river, road, etc. that enables people or vehicles to go from one side to the other

"The bridge is long."

"Engineers are constructing a new bridge to alleviate traffic congestion in the city."

a long and artificial passage built and filled with water for ships to travel along or used to transfer water to other places

"Canal brings water to dry farms."

"The Panama Canal allows ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans without sailing around the southern tip of South America saving thousands of kilometers."

an upright structure, usually made of brick, concrete, or stone that is made to divide, protect, or surround a place

"The wall is white."

"They painted the wall of the living room a soft gray color and hung several family photos in black frames to make the space feel more personal and welcoming."

a public place where people buy and sell groceries

"There's a fresh farmers' market every Sunday."

"We went to the local market to buy fresh fruits and vegetables."

a large building that is the official home of a powerful or very important person such as a king, queen, pope, etc.

"The palace was enormous."

"We toured the palace and admired its decorated rooms and grand halls."

a building used for worshiping one or several gods, used by some religious communities, especially Buddhists and Hindus

"The ancient temple was a place of worship."

"The ancient temple on the hill attracted thousands of visitors who came to admire its beautiful architecture."

related to or associated with religion, faith, or spirituality

"She is a religious person."

"The religious holiday is celebrated with special prayers and a big family dinner."

a structure built in honor of a public figure or a special event

"The monument honors the fallen soldiers."

"Tourists flocked to see the ancient monument commemorating a significant historical battle."