Arithmetic and Statistics: English Vocabulary List

to multiply a value or number by itself

"Square the number five."

"To find the area of a square, you must square the length of one of its sides."

any number without fractions or decimals, including positive numbers, negative numbers, and zero

"The number 7 is an integer."

"An integer is a whole number that can be positive"

a number obtained by dividing one integer or rational number by another, typically written in the form a/b

"One fraction is 1/2."

"An improper fraction is one where the numerator exceeds the denominator"

a combination of a whole number and a proper fraction

"Convert mixed number."

"We learned how to convert a mixed number to an improper fraction in math class."

a number greater than 1 with only two devisors which can be itself or 1

"Seven is a classic prime number."

"Cryptography relies on the difficulty of factoring very large prime numbers to secure data."

a number that can be written as a fraction, where both the top and bottom are whole numbers, and the bottom is not zero

"One half is a rational number."

"A rational number can be expressed as a fraction where both the numerator and the denominator are integers."

a number incapable of being expressed as a ratio of two integers

"Pi is irrational number."

"Pi is a famous irrational number that cannot be expressed as a simple fraction."

a number that has both a real part and a part involving a unit that, when squared, gives a negative result

"Study complex number."

"We study complex numbers that have both real and imaginary parts in advanced mathematics."

any number that can be found on the number line, including both positive and negative numbers, zero, and fractions

"All real number."

"All real numbers can be found on the number line in mathematics."

any positive number without fractions or decimals, including zero

"Whole number is positive."

"A whole number is a positive integer or zero without any fractions or decimals."

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

"This is a simple equation."

"The mathematical equation stated that the sum of the two variables was equal to ten."

a sequence of numbers in which the difference between any two consecutive terms is constant

"Study arithmetic sequence."

"We study arithmetic sequence to understand patterns where each term increases by a constant difference."

having the quality of being divided, especially by a number

"The number is divisible."

"The number twelve is divisible by one two three four six and twelve."

a fraction where the the top number is greater than or equal to the equal to the bottom number

"Convert improper fraction."

"We convert an improper fraction to a mixed number during the mathematics lesson."

the result obtained by dividing one quantity or number by another, expressed as the outcome of a division operation

"The quotient is five."

"When you divide 20 by 4, the quotient is 5, representing how many times 4 fits into 20."

the constant ratio between consecutive terms

"The common ratio of the sequence was two."

"In a geometric sequence each term is found by multiplying the previous term by a fixed common ratio."

a number that is a multiple of two or more given numbers

"Least common multiple."

"We calculate the least common multiple to add fractions with different denominators easily."

a number that divides exactly into two or more given numbers without leaving a remainder

"Common factor found."

"We found the greatest common factor of the two numbers during the lesson."

(mathematics) a number divisible by all the numbers that are below the line in a set of fractions

"Find common denominator."

"We find a common denominator to add or subtract fractions with different denominators."

the smallest positive integer that is a common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions

"Use least common denominator."

"We use the least common denominator when adding fractions with different denominators."

having or involving two distinct modes, peaks, or most frequent values

"The distribution is bimodal."

"The bimodal distribution has two peaks and it suggests that the data comes from two different groups."

a measure of how much the values in a set typically differ from the average

"Calculate standard deviation."

"We calculate standard deviation to measure how spread out the data values are in statistics."

the range within which the true value is expected to fall, accounting for potential inaccuracies in measurement or sampling

"Small margin of error."

"The survey result has a very small margin of error which makes it quite reliable."

a straight line drawn through a set of data points on a graph to represent the general direction or pattern of the data

"Draw trend line."

"We draw a trend line on the scatter plot to show the general direction of the data."

a type of statistical chart consisting of dots that represent individual data points

"Create dot plot."

"Students create a dot plot to show how many siblings each child has in the class."

a mathematical representation that describes the relationship between two or more variables using a linear equation

"The scientist used a linear model for the data."

"A linear model assumes a straight line relationship between two variables in a data set."

(mathematics) a number less than one, called a fraction, that is represented as a period followed by the number of tenths, hundredths, etc.

"0.5 is a decimal."

"The price was represented as a decimal, indicating a value less than one whole unit."

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

"Calculate the mean score."

"The mean score for the class on the exam was 85%, indicating a generally good understanding of the material."

calculated by adding a set of numbers together and dividing this amount by the total number of amounts in that set

"This is the average."

"The average score on the exam was quite high, indicating good preparation."

a value that, when multiplied by itself a specified number of times, results in the given number

"The root is two."

"The square root of this number yields a value that, when squared, returns the original quantity."

the difference between the highest and lowest values in a set of numbers

"The range is wide."

"The observed range of scores indicates a significant disparity between the highest and lowest student performances."

a correct answer to a problem in mathematics or a puzzle

"This is the solution."

"After much thought, she finally arrived at the correct solution to the complex puzzle."

the result of multiplying two or more numbers or quantities together

"The product is ten."

"The final product of this intricate multiplication will be significantly larger than anticipated."

(mathematics) one of the numbers that another number can be divided by

"2 is a factor of 10."

"Identifying the prime factor is crucial for simplifying the algebraic expression and solving the equation effectively."

(mathematics) an amount that is shown by a sign or letter

"What is the value?"

"The variable 'x' represents an unknown value that must be determined."

a statement that compares two quantities, expressions, or values and indicates their relative sizes

"The inequality 5 > 3 is true."

"We learned how to solve linear inequality in algebra class last week."

having the least or smallest amount possible

"The cost is minimum."

"The minimum wage in this state is fifteen dollars per hour but many workers still struggle to afford rent and food for their families."

a mathematical expression where a number is multiplied by itself a certain number of times determined by a variable

"This is an exponential."

"The scientist used an exponential to model the rapid increase in the bacterial colony."

(mathematics) a number representing the chances of something specific happening

"Probability is 50%."

"The probability of rain tomorrow is quite high, so you should definitely bring an umbrella with you."

a statistical measure that represents the middle value of a data set when the values are arranged in ascending or descending order

"The median score was seventy."

"The median income in the neighborhood has risen significantly over the past five years."

the value that appears most frequently in a data set

"Mode is most frequent."

"In the dataset of shoe sizes, the mode was size 9, as it was the most common size sold."

to guess the value, number, quantity, size, etc. of something without exact calculation

"She estimates the cost of repairs."

"The contractor estimated that the repairs would cost approximately five thousand dollars and take two weeks to complete."

the number of times a particular event occurs within a specific period or among a set of observations

"The frequency is high."

"We observed an unusually high frequency of errors during the initial testing phase of the software."

(statistics) an arrangement of values of a variable showing how often each occurs, either observed or theoretical

"The distribution is normal."

"The statistical distribution shows a clear clustering of data points around the average value."

occurring in such a way that each possible outcome has a certain probability of occurring, but the specific outcome cannot be predicted with certainty

"It was random."

"The selection process was entirely random, ensuring that every participant had an equal chance of being chosen."